Quinolone resistance: much more than predicted
Since quinolones are synthetic antibiotics, it was predicted that mutations in target genes would be the only mechanism through which resistance could be acquired, because there will not be quinolone resistance genes in nature. Contrary to this prediction, a variety of elements ranging from efflux p...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2011-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2011.00022/full |
| _version_ | 1817984992557400064 |
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| author | Alvaro eHernandez Maria Blanca Sanchez Jose L Martinez |
| author_facet | Alvaro eHernandez Maria Blanca Sanchez Jose L Martinez |
| author_sort | Alvaro eHernandez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since quinolones are synthetic antibiotics, it was predicted that mutations in target genes would be the only mechanism through which resistance could be acquired, because there will not be quinolone resistance genes in nature. Contrary to this prediction, a variety of elements ranging from efflux pumps, target-protecting proteins and even quinolone-modifying enzymes have been shown to contribute to quinolone resistance. The finding of some of these elements in plasmids indicates that quinolone resistance can be transferable. As a result, there has been a developing interest on the reservoirs for quinolone resistance genes and on the potential risks associated with the use of these antibiotics in non-clinical environments. As a matter of fact, plasmid-encoded, quinolone-resistance qnr genes originated in the chromosome of aquatic bacteria, thus the use of quinolones in fish farming might constitute a risk for the emergence of resistance. Failure to predict the development of quinolone resistance reinforces the need of taking into consideration the wide plasticity of biological systems for future predictions. This plasticity allows pathogens to deal with toxic compounds, including those with a synthetic origin as quinolones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:52:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-203812e209cf4dd39aa1a091366d52f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T23:52:27Z |
| publishDate | 2011-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-203812e209cf4dd39aa1a091366d52f02022-12-22T02:24:02ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2011-02-01210.3389/fmicb.2011.000228550Quinolone resistance: much more than predictedAlvaro eHernandez0Maria Blanca Sanchez1Jose L Martinez2Centro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC and CIBERESPCentro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC and CIBERESPCentro Nacional de Biotecnologia-CSIC and CIBERESPSince quinolones are synthetic antibiotics, it was predicted that mutations in target genes would be the only mechanism through which resistance could be acquired, because there will not be quinolone resistance genes in nature. Contrary to this prediction, a variety of elements ranging from efflux pumps, target-protecting proteins and even quinolone-modifying enzymes have been shown to contribute to quinolone resistance. The finding of some of these elements in plasmids indicates that quinolone resistance can be transferable. As a result, there has been a developing interest on the reservoirs for quinolone resistance genes and on the potential risks associated with the use of these antibiotics in non-clinical environments. As a matter of fact, plasmid-encoded, quinolone-resistance qnr genes originated in the chromosome of aquatic bacteria, thus the use of quinolones in fish farming might constitute a risk for the emergence of resistance. Failure to predict the development of quinolone resistance reinforces the need of taking into consideration the wide plasticity of biological systems for future predictions. This plasticity allows pathogens to deal with toxic compounds, including those with a synthetic origin as quinolones.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2011.00022/fullMDR efflux pumpPredicting antibiotic resistanceQnrQuinolone inactivationQuinolone resistanceTransfer of quinolone resistance |
| spellingShingle | Alvaro eHernandez Maria Blanca Sanchez Jose L Martinez Quinolone resistance: much more than predicted Frontiers in Microbiology MDR efflux pump Predicting antibiotic resistance Qnr Quinolone inactivation Quinolone resistance Transfer of quinolone resistance |
| title | Quinolone resistance: much more than predicted |
| title_full | Quinolone resistance: much more than predicted |
| title_fullStr | Quinolone resistance: much more than predicted |
| title_full_unstemmed | Quinolone resistance: much more than predicted |
| title_short | Quinolone resistance: much more than predicted |
| title_sort | quinolone resistance much more than predicted |
| topic | MDR efflux pump Predicting antibiotic resistance Qnr Quinolone inactivation Quinolone resistance Transfer of quinolone resistance |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2011.00022/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT alvaroehernandez quinoloneresistancemuchmorethanpredicted AT mariablancasanchez quinoloneresistancemuchmorethanpredicted AT joselmartinez quinoloneresistancemuchmorethanpredicted |