| Summary: | Introduction: the introduction of new technologies in the medical field brings great benefits for the health of patients with nervous system conditions, where neuromonitoring plays an important role
Objective: to describe the methods of intraoperative neuromonitoring, its application and benefits.
Method: a bibliographic search was carried out in the databases of Web of Science, Scopus, SciELO, Dialnet and AmeliCA. Thirty articles were selected regarding the different modalities of intraoperative neuromonitoring, its application, benefits and anesthetic and non-anesthetic factors that influence its effectiveness.
Development: Intraoperative neuromonitoring has emerged as a powerful tool for the study of nerve functions during surgery. Among its modalities is electroencephalogram, electroneuromyography, evoked potentials (somatosensory, visual, motor and auditory of the brainstem) and intraoperative cortical and subcortical stimulation. The drugs used, as well as factors associated with hemodynamics and hemostasis affect their efficacy and interpretation of these tests. Intraoperative neuromonitoring allows real-time detection of functional and structural alterations, reducing complications and improving the patient's quality of life.
Conclusions: the use of intraoperative neuromonitoring provides great advantages to the surgical team during the performance of procedures by offering real-time information on the functional integrity of the nervous structures involved in the procedure. This allows reducing the occurrence of complications, damage or injury. Pharmacological and hemodynamic variables must be controlled to achieve better neuromonitoring efficiency, which translates into improvements for the patient's quality of life.
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