Impacts on Brake Particle Emission Testing
The presented article picks out brake particle emission testing as a central theme. Those emissions are part of the so-called non-exhaust emissions, which play an increasing role for particle emissions from transportation. The authors propose a laboratory test setup by using a brake dynamometer and...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-10-01
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| Series: | Atmosphere |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/10/1132 |
| _version_ | 1797550295930109952 |
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| author | Sebastian Gramstat Thilo Mertens Robert Waninger Dmytro Lugovyy |
| author_facet | Sebastian Gramstat Thilo Mertens Robert Waninger Dmytro Lugovyy |
| author_sort | Sebastian Gramstat |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The presented article picks out brake particle emission testing as a central theme. Those emissions are part of the so-called non-exhaust emissions, which play an increasing role for particle emissions from transportation. The authors propose a laboratory test setup by using a brake dynamometer and a constant volume sampling approach to determine the emissions in regard to the particle number concentration. Several impacts were investigated while the same test cycle (novel worldwide harmonized light vehicles test procedure (novel-WLTP)) was applied. In a first item, the importance of the bedding process was investigated and it is shown that friction couples without bedding emit much more particles. Furthermore, the efforts for reaching a bedded friction state are discussed. Additionally, the impact of brake lining compositions is investigated and shows that NAO concepts own crucial advantages in terms of brake particle emissions. Another impact, the vehicle weight and inertia, respectively, shows how important lightweight measures and brake cooling improvements are. Finally, the role of the load profile is discussed, which shows the importance of driving parameters like vehicle speed and reservoir dynamics. The authors show that, under urban driving conditions, extreme low particle emissions are detected. Furthermore, it is explained that off-brake emissions can play a relevant role in regard to brake particle emissions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:27:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2053b3c7594b4488891cd808bad4ed82 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4433 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:27:17Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmosphere |
| spelling | doaj.art-2053b3c7594b4488891cd808bad4ed822023-11-20T17:55:58ZengMDPI AGAtmosphere2073-44332020-10-011110113210.3390/atmos11101132Impacts on Brake Particle Emission TestingSebastian Gramstat0Thilo Mertens1Robert Waninger2Dmytro Lugovyy3AUDI AG, 85045 Ingolstadt, GermanyAUDI AG, 85045 Ingolstadt, GermanyAUDI AG, 85045 Ingolstadt, GermanyHoriba Europe GmbH, 61440 Oberursel, GermanyThe presented article picks out brake particle emission testing as a central theme. Those emissions are part of the so-called non-exhaust emissions, which play an increasing role for particle emissions from transportation. The authors propose a laboratory test setup by using a brake dynamometer and a constant volume sampling approach to determine the emissions in regard to the particle number concentration. Several impacts were investigated while the same test cycle (novel worldwide harmonized light vehicles test procedure (novel-WLTP)) was applied. In a first item, the importance of the bedding process was investigated and it is shown that friction couples without bedding emit much more particles. Furthermore, the efforts for reaching a bedded friction state are discussed. Additionally, the impact of brake lining compositions is investigated and shows that NAO concepts own crucial advantages in terms of brake particle emissions. Another impact, the vehicle weight and inertia, respectively, shows how important lightweight measures and brake cooling improvements are. Finally, the role of the load profile is discussed, which shows the importance of driving parameters like vehicle speed and reservoir dynamics. The authors show that, under urban driving conditions, extreme low particle emissions are detected. Furthermore, it is explained that off-brake emissions can play a relevant role in regard to brake particle emissions.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/10/1132brake particle emissionsbrake dynamometerfoundation brake |
| spellingShingle | Sebastian Gramstat Thilo Mertens Robert Waninger Dmytro Lugovyy Impacts on Brake Particle Emission Testing Atmosphere brake particle emissions brake dynamometer foundation brake |
| title | Impacts on Brake Particle Emission Testing |
| title_full | Impacts on Brake Particle Emission Testing |
| title_fullStr | Impacts on Brake Particle Emission Testing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impacts on Brake Particle Emission Testing |
| title_short | Impacts on Brake Particle Emission Testing |
| title_sort | impacts on brake particle emission testing |
| topic | brake particle emissions brake dynamometer foundation brake |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4433/11/10/1132 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sebastiangramstat impactsonbrakeparticleemissiontesting AT thilomertens impactsonbrakeparticleemissiontesting AT robertwaninger impactsonbrakeparticleemissiontesting AT dmytrolugovyy impactsonbrakeparticleemissiontesting |