Risk of Periodontitis in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study
Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most common digestive clinical problem worldwide that affects approximately 20% of the adult populations in Western countries. Poor oral hygiene has been reported to be associated with GERD as an atypical clinical complication. However, evide...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Biomedicines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/11/2980 |
| _version_ | 1797465823967707136 |
|---|---|
| author | Xin Li Hitesh Singh Chaouhan Yao-Ming Wang I-Kuan Wang Cheng-Li Lin Te-Chun Shen Chi-Yuan Li Kuo-Ting Sun |
| author_facet | Xin Li Hitesh Singh Chaouhan Yao-Ming Wang I-Kuan Wang Cheng-Li Lin Te-Chun Shen Chi-Yuan Li Kuo-Ting Sun |
| author_sort | Xin Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most common digestive clinical problem worldwide that affects approximately 20% of the adult populations in Western countries. Poor oral hygiene has been reported to be associated with GERD as an atypical clinical complication. However, evidence showing the relationship between GERD and the risk of periodontitis is less clear. The present study aimed to use a retrospective cohort study design to further clarify the association between GERD and the subsequent risk of periodontitis. Methods: The risk of periodontitis in patients with GERD was investigated by analyzing epidemiological data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2008 to 2018. We selected 20,125 participants with a minimum age of 40 years in the GERD group and 1:1 propensity-matched these with non-GERD individuals by sex, age, and comorbidities. The incidence of periodontitis was determined at the end of 2018. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the risk of periodontitis in patients with GERD. Results: The overall incidence rate of the periodontitis risk was 1.38-fold higher (30.0 vs. 21.7/1000 person years, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.28–1.45) in patients with GERD than in those without GERD. After stratified analyses for sex, age, and comorbidity, patients with GERD had a higher risk of periodontitis for age (aHR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.20–1.42 for 40–54 years and aHR = 1.42, 95% CI =1.28–1.57 for 55–69 years), sex (aHR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.28–1.54 for men and aHR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.23–1.45 for women), and presence (aHR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.27–1.45) and absence (aHR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.21–1.62) of comorbidity than those without GERD. Among the GERD cohort, the risk for periodontitis was increased with an increasing number of emergency room visits (≥ 1 vs. <1, aHR = 5.19, 95% CI = 2.16–12.5). Conclusions: Our results revealed that patients with GERD have a higher risk of periodontitis development than those without GERD. Clinicians should pay more attention to identifying and managing periodontitis in patients with GERD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:27:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-205646efa40b470cb17b4af49d4a6fa7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T18:27:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-205646efa40b470cb17b4af49d4a6fa72023-11-24T07:47:09ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-11-011011298010.3390/biomedicines10112980Risk of Periodontitis in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort StudyXin Li0Hitesh Singh Chaouhan1Yao-Ming Wang2I-Kuan Wang3Cheng-Li Lin4Te-Chun Shen5Chi-Yuan Li6Kuo-Ting Sun7Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, TaiwanDepartment of Radiology, Taichung Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Taichung 40402, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, TaiwanManagement Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, TaiwanDepartment of Internal Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, TaiwanGraduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, TaiwanDepartment of Pediatric Dentistry, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40402, TaiwanBackground: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is the most common digestive clinical problem worldwide that affects approximately 20% of the adult populations in Western countries. Poor oral hygiene has been reported to be associated with GERD as an atypical clinical complication. However, evidence showing the relationship between GERD and the risk of periodontitis is less clear. The present study aimed to use a retrospective cohort study design to further clarify the association between GERD and the subsequent risk of periodontitis. Methods: The risk of periodontitis in patients with GERD was investigated by analyzing epidemiological data from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database from 2008 to 2018. We selected 20,125 participants with a minimum age of 40 years in the GERD group and 1:1 propensity-matched these with non-GERD individuals by sex, age, and comorbidities. The incidence of periodontitis was determined at the end of 2018. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to evaluate the risk of periodontitis in patients with GERD. Results: The overall incidence rate of the periodontitis risk was 1.38-fold higher (30.0 vs. 21.7/1000 person years, adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) = 1.36, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.28–1.45) in patients with GERD than in those without GERD. After stratified analyses for sex, age, and comorbidity, patients with GERD had a higher risk of periodontitis for age (aHR = 1.31, 95% CI = 1.20–1.42 for 40–54 years and aHR = 1.42, 95% CI =1.28–1.57 for 55–69 years), sex (aHR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.28–1.54 for men and aHR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.23–1.45 for women), and presence (aHR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.27–1.45) and absence (aHR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.21–1.62) of comorbidity than those without GERD. Among the GERD cohort, the risk for periodontitis was increased with an increasing number of emergency room visits (≥ 1 vs. <1, aHR = 5.19, 95% CI = 2.16–12.5). Conclusions: Our results revealed that patients with GERD have a higher risk of periodontitis development than those without GERD. Clinicians should pay more attention to identifying and managing periodontitis in patients with GERD.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/11/2980gastroesophageal refluxperiodontitisrisk factorscohort studies |
| spellingShingle | Xin Li Hitesh Singh Chaouhan Yao-Ming Wang I-Kuan Wang Cheng-Li Lin Te-Chun Shen Chi-Yuan Li Kuo-Ting Sun Risk of Periodontitis in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study Biomedicines gastroesophageal reflux periodontitis risk factors cohort studies |
| title | Risk of Periodontitis in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_full | Risk of Periodontitis in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Risk of Periodontitis in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Risk of Periodontitis in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_short | Risk of Periodontitis in Patients with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study |
| title_sort | risk of periodontitis in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease a nationwide retrospective cohort study |
| topic | gastroesophageal reflux periodontitis risk factors cohort studies |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/11/2980 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xinli riskofperiodontitisinpatientswithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseanationwideretrospectivecohortstudy AT hiteshsinghchaouhan riskofperiodontitisinpatientswithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseanationwideretrospectivecohortstudy AT yaomingwang riskofperiodontitisinpatientswithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseanationwideretrospectivecohortstudy AT ikuanwang riskofperiodontitisinpatientswithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseanationwideretrospectivecohortstudy AT chenglilin riskofperiodontitisinpatientswithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseanationwideretrospectivecohortstudy AT techunshen riskofperiodontitisinpatientswithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseanationwideretrospectivecohortstudy AT chiyuanli riskofperiodontitisinpatientswithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseanationwideretrospectivecohortstudy AT kuotingsun riskofperiodontitisinpatientswithgastroesophagealrefluxdiseaseanationwideretrospectivecohortstudy |