Recognition of <i>Candida albicans</i> and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral Candidiasis
<i>Candida albicans</i> is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus considered to be a common member of the human microflora. Similar to some other opportunistic microbes, <i>C. albicans</i> can invade and benefit from its host when the immune status of that host is weakened. Most...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/9/1340 |
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| author | Anna Pavlova Irshad Sharafutdinov |
| author_facet | Anna Pavlova Irshad Sharafutdinov |
| author_sort | Anna Pavlova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Candida albicans</i> is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus considered to be a common member of the human microflora. Similar to some other opportunistic microbes, <i>C. albicans</i> can invade and benefit from its host when the immune status of that host is weakened. Most often this happens to immunocompromised individuals, leading to the infection of oral and vaginal mucosae or the systemic spread of the pathogen throughout the entire body. Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) occurs in up to 90 percent of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), making it the most frequent opportunistic infection for this group. Upon first signs of fungal invasion, a range of host signaling activates in order to eliminate the threat. Epithelial and myeloid type cells detect <i>C. albicans</i> mainly through receptor tyrosine kinases and pattern-recognition receptors. This review provides an overview of downstream signaling resulting in an adequate immune response through the activation of various transcription factors. The study discusses recent advances in research of the interleukin-17 (IL-17) producing innate cells, including natural T helper 17 (nTh17) cells, γδ T cells, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) that are involved in response to oral <i>C. albicans</i> infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:36:34Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-20698f72b8a747c8a5885a2307b24af5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:36:34Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-20698f72b8a747c8a5885a2307b24af52023-11-20T12:19:45ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-09-0189134010.3390/microorganisms8091340Recognition of <i>Candida albicans</i> and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral CandidiasisAnna Pavlova0Irshad Sharafutdinov1Integrated Immunology Programme, Division of Genetics, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, GermanyDivision of Microbiology, Department of Biology, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany<i>Candida albicans</i> is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus considered to be a common member of the human microflora. Similar to some other opportunistic microbes, <i>C. albicans</i> can invade and benefit from its host when the immune status of that host is weakened. Most often this happens to immunocompromised individuals, leading to the infection of oral and vaginal mucosae or the systemic spread of the pathogen throughout the entire body. Oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC) occurs in up to 90 percent of patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), making it the most frequent opportunistic infection for this group. Upon first signs of fungal invasion, a range of host signaling activates in order to eliminate the threat. Epithelial and myeloid type cells detect <i>C. albicans</i> mainly through receptor tyrosine kinases and pattern-recognition receptors. This review provides an overview of downstream signaling resulting in an adequate immune response through the activation of various transcription factors. The study discusses recent advances in research of the interleukin-17 (IL-17) producing innate cells, including natural T helper 17 (nTh17) cells, γδ T cells, invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells and type 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) that are involved in response to oral <i>C. albicans</i> infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/9/1340<i>Candida albicans</i>innate immunityIL-17receptor tyrosine kinaseγδ T cellsnatural Th17 cells |
| spellingShingle | Anna Pavlova Irshad Sharafutdinov Recognition of <i>Candida albicans</i> and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral Candidiasis Microorganisms <i>Candida albicans</i> innate immunity IL-17 receptor tyrosine kinase γδ T cells natural Th17 cells |
| title | Recognition of <i>Candida albicans</i> and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral Candidiasis |
| title_full | Recognition of <i>Candida albicans</i> and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral Candidiasis |
| title_fullStr | Recognition of <i>Candida albicans</i> and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral Candidiasis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recognition of <i>Candida albicans</i> and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral Candidiasis |
| title_short | Recognition of <i>Candida albicans</i> and Role of Innate Type 17 Immunity in Oral Candidiasis |
| title_sort | recognition of i candida albicans i and role of innate type 17 immunity in oral candidiasis |
| topic | <i>Candida albicans</i> innate immunity IL-17 receptor tyrosine kinase γδ T cells natural Th17 cells |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/9/1340 |
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