Biological soil crust development affects bacterial communities in the Caragana microphylla community in alpine sandy areas
IntroductionBiological soil crusts (BSCs) constitute a substantial portion of primary production in dryland ecosystems. They successionally mature to deliver a series of ecosystem services. Bacteria, as an important community in BSCs, play critical roles in maintaining the structure and functions of...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106739/full |
| _version_ | 1797870502648217600 |
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| author | Hong Zhou Hong Zhou Lun Li Yunxiang Liu Yunxiang Liu |
| author_facet | Hong Zhou Hong Zhou Lun Li Yunxiang Liu Yunxiang Liu |
| author_sort | Hong Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionBiological soil crusts (BSCs) constitute a substantial portion of primary production in dryland ecosystems. They successionally mature to deliver a series of ecosystem services. Bacteria, as an important community in BSCs, play critical roles in maintaining the structure and functions of BSCs. However, the process by which bacterial diversity and community are altered with BSC development is not fully understood.MethodsIn this study, amplicons sequencing was used to investigate bacterial diversity and community compositions across five developmental stages of BSCs (bare sand, microbial crusts, algae crusts, lichen crusts, and moss crusts) and their relationship with environmental variables in the Gonghe basin sandy land in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, northwestern China.ResultsThe results showed that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were predominant in different developmental stages of BSCs, accounting for more than 77% of the total relative abundance. The phyla of Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes were abundant in this region. With BSC development, bacterial diversity significantly increased, and the taxonomic community composition significantly altered. The relative abundance of copiotrophic bacteria, such as Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, and Gemmatimonadetes significantly increased, whereas the relative abundance of oligotrophic bacteria, such as Proteobacteria and Firmicutes significantly decreased. The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria in the algae crusts was significantly higher than that in the other developmental stages (p < 0.05).ConclusionVariations in bacterial composition suggested that the potential ecological functions of the bacterial community were altered with BSC development. The functions varied from enhancing soil surface stability by promoting soil particle cementation in the early stages to promoting material circulation of the ecosystem by fixing carbon and nitrogen and decomposing litter in the later stages of BSC development. Bacterial community is a sensitive index of water and nutrient alterations during BSC development. SWC, pH value, TC, TOC, TN, NO3−, TP and soil texture were the primary environmental variables that promoted changes in the bacterial community composition of BSCs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:28:25Z |
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| id | doaj.art-206b12386bf441d19b9cbd6e7dfcf1b4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T00:28:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-206b12386bf441d19b9cbd6e7dfcf1b42023-03-15T04:46:38ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2023-03-011410.3389/fmicb.2023.11067391106739Biological soil crust development affects bacterial communities in the Caragana microphylla community in alpine sandy areasHong Zhou0Hong Zhou1Lun Li2Yunxiang Liu3Yunxiang Liu4State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, ChinaQinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, ChinaQilian Mountain National Park Qinghai Service Guarantee Center, Xining, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, Qinghai University, Xining, ChinaQinghai Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Xining, ChinaIntroductionBiological soil crusts (BSCs) constitute a substantial portion of primary production in dryland ecosystems. They successionally mature to deliver a series of ecosystem services. Bacteria, as an important community in BSCs, play critical roles in maintaining the structure and functions of BSCs. However, the process by which bacterial diversity and community are altered with BSC development is not fully understood.MethodsIn this study, amplicons sequencing was used to investigate bacterial diversity and community compositions across five developmental stages of BSCs (bare sand, microbial crusts, algae crusts, lichen crusts, and moss crusts) and their relationship with environmental variables in the Gonghe basin sandy land in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, northwestern China.ResultsThe results showed that Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Firmicutes were predominant in different developmental stages of BSCs, accounting for more than 77% of the total relative abundance. The phyla of Acidobacteria and Bacteroidetes were abundant in this region. With BSC development, bacterial diversity significantly increased, and the taxonomic community composition significantly altered. The relative abundance of copiotrophic bacteria, such as Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Verrucomicrobia, Planctomycetes, and Gemmatimonadetes significantly increased, whereas the relative abundance of oligotrophic bacteria, such as Proteobacteria and Firmicutes significantly decreased. The relative abundance of Cyanobacteria in the algae crusts was significantly higher than that in the other developmental stages (p < 0.05).ConclusionVariations in bacterial composition suggested that the potential ecological functions of the bacterial community were altered with BSC development. The functions varied from enhancing soil surface stability by promoting soil particle cementation in the early stages to promoting material circulation of the ecosystem by fixing carbon and nitrogen and decomposing litter in the later stages of BSC development. Bacterial community is a sensitive index of water and nutrient alterations during BSC development. SWC, pH value, TC, TOC, TN, NO3−, TP and soil texture were the primary environmental variables that promoted changes in the bacterial community composition of BSCs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106739/fullbiological soil crustsdevelopmental processbacterial communityIllumina sequencingGonghe basin |
| spellingShingle | Hong Zhou Hong Zhou Lun Li Yunxiang Liu Yunxiang Liu Biological soil crust development affects bacterial communities in the Caragana microphylla community in alpine sandy areas Frontiers in Microbiology biological soil crusts developmental process bacterial community Illumina sequencing Gonghe basin |
| title | Biological soil crust development affects bacterial communities in the Caragana microphylla community in alpine sandy areas |
| title_full | Biological soil crust development affects bacterial communities in the Caragana microphylla community in alpine sandy areas |
| title_fullStr | Biological soil crust development affects bacterial communities in the Caragana microphylla community in alpine sandy areas |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological soil crust development affects bacterial communities in the Caragana microphylla community in alpine sandy areas |
| title_short | Biological soil crust development affects bacterial communities in the Caragana microphylla community in alpine sandy areas |
| title_sort | biological soil crust development affects bacterial communities in the caragana microphylla community in alpine sandy areas |
| topic | biological soil crusts developmental process bacterial community Illumina sequencing Gonghe basin |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1106739/full |
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