Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Rural Residents’ Dietary Diversity and Dietary Pattern: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pingnan, China
There is limited evidence regarding the factors correlated with dietary diversity (DD) and dietary pattern (DP) in rural residents of China. This study aims to identify the DD and DP of rural residents and their association with socio-demographic factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Pi...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/13/2955 |
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| author | Lingling Zhang Huajing Chang Yating Chen Wenqian Ruan Longhua Cai Fang Song Xiaojun Liu |
| author_facet | Lingling Zhang Huajing Chang Yating Chen Wenqian Ruan Longhua Cai Fang Song Xiaojun Liu |
| author_sort | Lingling Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | There is limited evidence regarding the factors correlated with dietary diversity (DD) and dietary pattern (DP) in rural residents of China. This study aims to identify the DD and DP of rural residents and their association with socio-demographic factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Pingnan, China. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was applied to evaluate dietary intake. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify patterns of six food varieties, including vegetables–fruits, red meat, aquatic products, eggs, milk, and beans–nuts. Generalized linear models and multiple logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with the DD and DP. Three DPs were detected by LCA, namely “healthy” DP (47.94%), “traditional” DP (33.94%), and “meat/animal protein” DP (18.11%). Females exhibited lower DD (β = −0.23, <i>p</i> = 0.003) and were more likely to adhere to “traditional” DP (OR = 1.46, <i>p</i> = 0.039) and “meat/animal protein” DP (OR = 2.02, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Higher educational levels and annual household income (AHI) were positively associated with higher DD (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and less likely to have “traditional” DP and “meat/animal protein” DP (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Non-obese people exhibited higher DD (β = 0.15, <i>p</i> = 0.020) and were less likely to have “meat/animal protein” DP (OR = 0.59, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Our study reveals that females, those with lower educational levels and AHI, and obese people are more likely to have a lower DD and are more likely to adhere to “traditional” DP and “meat/animal protein” DP. The local, regional, and even national performance of specific diet-related health promotion measures and interventions must target these vulnerable populations to improve a healthier DD and DP. |
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| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:32:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-20739fb6e7514584a5bbeadc33a54c3d2023-11-18T17:14:56ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-06-011513295510.3390/nu15132955Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Rural Residents’ Dietary Diversity and Dietary Pattern: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pingnan, ChinaLingling Zhang0Huajing Chang1Yating Chen2Wenqian Ruan3Longhua Cai4Fang Song5Xiaojun Liu6Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, ChinaDepartment of Health Management, School of Health Management, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, ChinaDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, ChinaDepartment of Health Management, School of Health Management, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, ChinaEditorial Department of Medicine and Society, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, ChinaDepartment of Health Management, School of Health Management, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350122, ChinaThere is limited evidence regarding the factors correlated with dietary diversity (DD) and dietary pattern (DP) in rural residents of China. This study aims to identify the DD and DP of rural residents and their association with socio-demographic factors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Pingnan, China. The Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) was applied to evaluate dietary intake. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to identify patterns of six food varieties, including vegetables–fruits, red meat, aquatic products, eggs, milk, and beans–nuts. Generalized linear models and multiple logistic regression models were used to determine factors associated with the DD and DP. Three DPs were detected by LCA, namely “healthy” DP (47.94%), “traditional” DP (33.94%), and “meat/animal protein” DP (18.11%). Females exhibited lower DD (β = −0.23, <i>p</i> = 0.003) and were more likely to adhere to “traditional” DP (OR = 1.46, <i>p</i> = 0.039) and “meat/animal protein” DP (OR = 2.02, <i>p</i> < 0.001). Higher educational levels and annual household income (AHI) were positively associated with higher DD (<i>p</i> < 0.05) and less likely to have “traditional” DP and “meat/animal protein” DP (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Non-obese people exhibited higher DD (β = 0.15, <i>p</i> = 0.020) and were less likely to have “meat/animal protein” DP (OR = 0.59, <i>p</i> = 0.001). Our study reveals that females, those with lower educational levels and AHI, and obese people are more likely to have a lower DD and are more likely to adhere to “traditional” DP and “meat/animal protein” DP. The local, regional, and even national performance of specific diet-related health promotion measures and interventions must target these vulnerable populations to improve a healthier DD and DP.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/13/2955dietary diversitydietary patternsocio-demographic factorsrural residents |
| spellingShingle | Lingling Zhang Huajing Chang Yating Chen Wenqian Ruan Longhua Cai Fang Song Xiaojun Liu Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Rural Residents’ Dietary Diversity and Dietary Pattern: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pingnan, China Nutrients dietary diversity dietary pattern socio-demographic factors rural residents |
| title | Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Rural Residents’ Dietary Diversity and Dietary Pattern: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pingnan, China |
| title_full | Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Rural Residents’ Dietary Diversity and Dietary Pattern: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pingnan, China |
| title_fullStr | Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Rural Residents’ Dietary Diversity and Dietary Pattern: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pingnan, China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Rural Residents’ Dietary Diversity and Dietary Pattern: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pingnan, China |
| title_short | Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Rural Residents’ Dietary Diversity and Dietary Pattern: A Cross-Sectional Study in Pingnan, China |
| title_sort | socio demographic factors associated with rural residents dietary diversity and dietary pattern a cross sectional study in pingnan china |
| topic | dietary diversity dietary pattern socio-demographic factors rural residents |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/13/2955 |
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