Dynamic Response of Soil Enzymes and Microbial Diversity to Continuous Application of Atrazine in Black Soil of a Cornfield without Rotation in Northeast China
Atrazine has been extensively used in China’s agricultural production for a long time and the potential risks to the environment have received widespread attention. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the continuous application of atrazine on soil herbicide residues, soil enzyme a...
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| author | Fengshan Yang Siyuan Yang Jiangli Xu Yanbo Wang Mengying Gao Manxia Zhang Wenlong Dai Haiyan Fu Weimin Zeng Chunguang Liu |
| author_facet | Fengshan Yang Siyuan Yang Jiangli Xu Yanbo Wang Mengying Gao Manxia Zhang Wenlong Dai Haiyan Fu Weimin Zeng Chunguang Liu |
| author_sort | Fengshan Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Atrazine has been extensively used in China’s agricultural production for a long time and the potential risks to the environment have received widespread attention. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the continuous application of atrazine on soil herbicide residues, soil enzyme activity, and microbial community structure, as well as to provide a theoretical reference for the appropriate application of atrazine and the improvement of soil. Previous studies have focused on the effects of atrazine on soil microorganisms, but the experiments used higher doses than recommended. To reveal the actual effects of atrazine on soil microorganisms, the recommended dose of atrazine was used for 0, 1, and 2 years. We studied atrazine residues and enzyme activity in the soil, and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) were measured to study the structure of the soil microbiome. The results show that the rate of atrazine degradation occurred rapidly after the initial administration, and with the increase in continuous administration, its half-life decreased from 24.6 d in the first year to 14.1 d in the second year. The application of atrazine significantly affected soil urease activity and cellulase activity, but it had no significant effect on saccharase activity. The continuous application of atrazine had a significant effect on the biomass of cultured bacteria in soil, but not on the biomass of culturable fungi and actinomycetes in the soil. Furthermore, the results of PLFA analysis show that the application of atrazine had a significant effect on the microbial structure of the soil. These results indicate that the significant increase in the degradation rate of atrazine during continuous application is related to the high adaptability of the soil microbiome. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:31:56Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:31:56Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-207cb26b41054ecb829da81b2a37c2ea2023-11-21T23:35:12ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182021-06-0113625910.3390/d13060259Dynamic Response of Soil Enzymes and Microbial Diversity to Continuous Application of Atrazine in Black Soil of a Cornfield without Rotation in Northeast ChinaFengshan Yang0Siyuan Yang1Jiangli Xu2Yanbo Wang3Mengying Gao4Manxia Zhang5Wenlong Dai6Haiyan Fu7Weimin Zeng8Chunguang Liu9Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaHeilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region, School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaEngineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150800, ChinaAtrazine has been extensively used in China’s agricultural production for a long time and the potential risks to the environment have received widespread attention. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of the continuous application of atrazine on soil herbicide residues, soil enzyme activity, and microbial community structure, as well as to provide a theoretical reference for the appropriate application of atrazine and the improvement of soil. Previous studies have focused on the effects of atrazine on soil microorganisms, but the experiments used higher doses than recommended. To reveal the actual effects of atrazine on soil microorganisms, the recommended dose of atrazine was used for 0, 1, and 2 years. We studied atrazine residues and enzyme activity in the soil, and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA) were measured to study the structure of the soil microbiome. The results show that the rate of atrazine degradation occurred rapidly after the initial administration, and with the increase in continuous administration, its half-life decreased from 24.6 d in the first year to 14.1 d in the second year. The application of atrazine significantly affected soil urease activity and cellulase activity, but it had no significant effect on saccharase activity. The continuous application of atrazine had a significant effect on the biomass of cultured bacteria in soil, but not on the biomass of culturable fungi and actinomycetes in the soil. Furthermore, the results of PLFA analysis show that the application of atrazine had a significant effect on the microbial structure of the soil. These results indicate that the significant increase in the degradation rate of atrazine during continuous application is related to the high adaptability of the soil microbiome.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/6/259atrazineureasesaccharasecellulasePLFAsoil microbial communities |
| spellingShingle | Fengshan Yang Siyuan Yang Jiangli Xu Yanbo Wang Mengying Gao Manxia Zhang Wenlong Dai Haiyan Fu Weimin Zeng Chunguang Liu Dynamic Response of Soil Enzymes and Microbial Diversity to Continuous Application of Atrazine in Black Soil of a Cornfield without Rotation in Northeast China Diversity atrazine urease saccharase cellulase PLFA soil microbial communities |
| title | Dynamic Response of Soil Enzymes and Microbial Diversity to Continuous Application of Atrazine in Black Soil of a Cornfield without Rotation in Northeast China |
| title_full | Dynamic Response of Soil Enzymes and Microbial Diversity to Continuous Application of Atrazine in Black Soil of a Cornfield without Rotation in Northeast China |
| title_fullStr | Dynamic Response of Soil Enzymes and Microbial Diversity to Continuous Application of Atrazine in Black Soil of a Cornfield without Rotation in Northeast China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dynamic Response of Soil Enzymes and Microbial Diversity to Continuous Application of Atrazine in Black Soil of a Cornfield without Rotation in Northeast China |
| title_short | Dynamic Response of Soil Enzymes and Microbial Diversity to Continuous Application of Atrazine in Black Soil of a Cornfield without Rotation in Northeast China |
| title_sort | dynamic response of soil enzymes and microbial diversity to continuous application of atrazine in black soil of a cornfield without rotation in northeast china |
| topic | atrazine urease saccharase cellulase PLFA soil microbial communities |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/6/259 |
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