Recent advances in the characterization of Crl, the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σS/RpoS
The bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) holoenzyme is a multisubunit core enzyme associated with a σ factor that is required for promoter-specific transcription initiation. Besides a primary σ responsible for most of the gene expression during active growth, bacteria contain alternative σ factors that c...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
De Gruyter
2016-06-01
|
| Series: | Biomolecular Concepts |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2016-0006 |
| _version_ | 1819101936148807680 |
|---|---|
| author | Cavaliere Paola Norel Françoise |
| author_facet | Cavaliere Paola Norel Françoise |
| author_sort | Cavaliere Paola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) holoenzyme is a multisubunit core enzyme associated with a σ factor that is required for promoter-specific transcription initiation. Besides a primary σ responsible for most of the gene expression during active growth, bacteria contain alternative σ factors that control adaptive responses. A recurring strategy in the control of σ factor activity is their sequestration by anti-sigma factors that occlude the RNAP binding determinants, reducing their activity. In contrast, the unconventional transcription factor Crl binds specifically to the alternative σ factor σS/RpoS, and favors its association with the core RNAP, thereby increasing its activity. σS is the master regulator of the general stress response that protects many Gram-negative bacteria from several harmful environmental conditions. It is also required for biofilm formation and virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. In this report, we discuss current knowledge on the regulation and function of Crl in Salmonella and Escherichia coli, two bacterial species in which Crl has been studied. We review recent advances in the structural characterization of the Crl-σS interaction that have led to a better understanding of this unusual mechanism of σ regulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:26:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2084e0cda1044d0c8fe197fa7a667c54 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1868-5021 1868-503X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T01:26:35Z |
| publishDate | 2016-06-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomolecular Concepts |
| spelling | doaj.art-2084e0cda1044d0c8fe197fa7a667c542022-12-21T18:43:35ZengDe GruyterBiomolecular Concepts1868-50211868-503X2016-06-017319720410.1515/bmc-2016-0006Recent advances in the characterization of Crl, the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σS/RpoSCavaliere PaolaNorel FrançoiseThe bacterial RNA polymerase (RNAP) holoenzyme is a multisubunit core enzyme associated with a σ factor that is required for promoter-specific transcription initiation. Besides a primary σ responsible for most of the gene expression during active growth, bacteria contain alternative σ factors that control adaptive responses. A recurring strategy in the control of σ factor activity is their sequestration by anti-sigma factors that occlude the RNAP binding determinants, reducing their activity. In contrast, the unconventional transcription factor Crl binds specifically to the alternative σ factor σS/RpoS, and favors its association with the core RNAP, thereby increasing its activity. σS is the master regulator of the general stress response that protects many Gram-negative bacteria from several harmful environmental conditions. It is also required for biofilm formation and virulence of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. In this report, we discuss current knowledge on the regulation and function of Crl in Salmonella and Escherichia coli, two bacterial species in which Crl has been studied. We review recent advances in the structural characterization of the Crl-σS interaction that have led to a better understanding of this unusual mechanism of σ regulation.https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2016-0006crlrna polymeraserpossalmonellasigma s |
| spellingShingle | Cavaliere Paola Norel Françoise Recent advances in the characterization of Crl, the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σS/RpoS Biomolecular Concepts crl rna polymerase rpos salmonella sigma s |
| title | Recent advances in the characterization of Crl, the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σS/RpoS |
| title_full | Recent advances in the characterization of Crl, the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σS/RpoS |
| title_fullStr | Recent advances in the characterization of Crl, the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σS/RpoS |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent advances in the characterization of Crl, the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σS/RpoS |
| title_short | Recent advances in the characterization of Crl, the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σS/RpoS |
| title_sort | recent advances in the characterization of crl the unconventional activator of the stress sigma factor σs rpos |
| topic | crl rna polymerase rpos salmonella sigma s |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/bmc-2016-0006 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cavalierepaola recentadvancesinthecharacterizationofcrltheunconventionalactivatorofthestresssigmafactorssrpos AT norelfrancoise recentadvancesinthecharacterizationofcrltheunconventionalactivatorofthestresssigmafactorssrpos |