Numerical simulations on scale-free and random networks for the spread of COVID-19 in Pakistan
Epidemiology is the study of how and why an infectious disease occurs in a group of people. Several epidemiological models have been developed to get information on the spread of a disease in society. That information is used to plan strategies to prevent illness and manage patients. But, most of th...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016822004835 |
| _version_ | 1797943066002194432 |
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| author | Muhammad Rafiq Abdul Rauf Nizami Dumitru Baleanu Nadeem Ahmad |
| author_facet | Muhammad Rafiq Abdul Rauf Nizami Dumitru Baleanu Nadeem Ahmad |
| author_sort | Muhammad Rafiq |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Epidemiology is the study of how and why an infectious disease occurs in a group of people. Several epidemiological models have been developed to get information on the spread of a disease in society. That information is used to plan strategies to prevent illness and manage patients. But, most of these models consider only random diffusion of the disease and hence ignore the number of interactions among people. To take into account the interactions among individuals, the network approach is becoming increasingly popular. It is novel to consider the dynamics of infectious disease using various networks rather than classical differential equation models. In this paper, we numerically simulate the Susceptible-Infected-Recoverd (SIR) model on Barabási-Albert network and Erdös-Rényi network to analyze the spread of COVID-19 in Pakistan so that we know the severity of the disease. We also show how a situation becomes alarming if hubs in a network get infected. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:18:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-208711102e31432e9840b46b3776bc9c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1110-0168 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:18:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alexandria Engineering Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-208711102e31432e9840b46b3776bc9c2023-01-26T04:44:11ZengElsevierAlexandria Engineering Journal1110-01682023-01-01627583Numerical simulations on scale-free and random networks for the spread of COVID-19 in PakistanMuhammad Rafiq0Abdul Rauf Nizami1Dumitru Baleanu2Nadeem Ahmad3Department of Mathematics, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan; Corresponding author.Department of Mathematics, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, PakistanDepartment of Mathematics, Cankaya University, Ankara, Turkey; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Institute of Space Sciences, Magurele, Bucharest, RomaniaTechnical Education and Vocational Training Authority, Government of the Punjab, Lahore, PakistanEpidemiology is the study of how and why an infectious disease occurs in a group of people. Several epidemiological models have been developed to get information on the spread of a disease in society. That information is used to plan strategies to prevent illness and manage patients. But, most of these models consider only random diffusion of the disease and hence ignore the number of interactions among people. To take into account the interactions among individuals, the network approach is becoming increasingly popular. It is novel to consider the dynamics of infectious disease using various networks rather than classical differential equation models. In this paper, we numerically simulate the Susceptible-Infected-Recoverd (SIR) model on Barabási-Albert network and Erdös-Rényi network to analyze the spread of COVID-19 in Pakistan so that we know the severity of the disease. We also show how a situation becomes alarming if hubs in a network get infected.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016822004835SIR modelCOVID-19Network theoryBarabási-Albert networkErdös-Rényi network |
| spellingShingle | Muhammad Rafiq Abdul Rauf Nizami Dumitru Baleanu Nadeem Ahmad Numerical simulations on scale-free and random networks for the spread of COVID-19 in Pakistan Alexandria Engineering Journal SIR model COVID-19 Network theory Barabási-Albert network Erdös-Rényi network |
| title | Numerical simulations on scale-free and random networks for the spread of COVID-19 in Pakistan |
| title_full | Numerical simulations on scale-free and random networks for the spread of COVID-19 in Pakistan |
| title_fullStr | Numerical simulations on scale-free and random networks for the spread of COVID-19 in Pakistan |
| title_full_unstemmed | Numerical simulations on scale-free and random networks for the spread of COVID-19 in Pakistan |
| title_short | Numerical simulations on scale-free and random networks for the spread of COVID-19 in Pakistan |
| title_sort | numerical simulations on scale free and random networks for the spread of covid 19 in pakistan |
| topic | SIR model COVID-19 Network theory Barabási-Albert network Erdös-Rényi network |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1110016822004835 |
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