Effect of <i>Spirulina</i> Dietary Supplementation in Modifying the Rumen Microbiota of Ewes
Supplementing ruminant diets with microalgae, may prove an effective nutritional strategy to manipulate rumen microbiota. Forty-eight ewes were divided into four homogenous groups (<i>n</i> = 12) according to their fat-corrected milk yield (6%), body weight, age, and days in milk, and we...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/4/740 |
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| author | Christos Christodoulou Alexandros Mavrommatis Dimitris Loukovitis George Symeon Vassilios Dotas Basiliki Kotsampasi Eleni Tsiplakou |
| author_facet | Christos Christodoulou Alexandros Mavrommatis Dimitris Loukovitis George Symeon Vassilios Dotas Basiliki Kotsampasi Eleni Tsiplakou |
| author_sort | Christos Christodoulou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Supplementing ruminant diets with microalgae, may prove an effective nutritional strategy to manipulate rumen microbiota. Forty-eight ewes were divided into four homogenous groups (<i>n</i> = 12) according to their fat-corrected milk yield (6%), body weight, age, and days in milk, and were fed individually with concentrate, alfalfa hay, and wheat straw. The concentrate of the control group (CON) had no <i>Spirulina</i> supplementation, while in the treated groups 5 (SP5), 10 (SP10), and 15 g (SP15) of <i>Spirulina</i> were supplemented as an additive in the concentrate. An initial screening using metagenomic next-generation sequencing technology was followed by RT-qPCR analysis for the targeting of specific microbes, which unveiled the main alterations of the rumen microbiota under the <i>Spirulina</i> supplementation levels. The relative abundance of <i>Eubacterium ruminantium</i> and <i>Fibrobacter succinogenes</i> in rumen fluid, as well as <i>Ruminococcus albus</i> in rumen solid fraction, were significantly increased in the SP15 group. Furthermore, the relative abundance of <i>Prevotella brevis</i> was significantly increased in the rumen fluid of the SP5 and SP10 groups. In contrast, the relative abundance of <i>Ruminobacter amylophilus</i> was significantly decreased in the rumen fluid of the SP10 compared to the CON group, while in the solid fraction it was significantly decreased in the SP groups. Moreover, the relative abundance of <i>Selenomonas ruminantium</i> was significantly decreased in the SP5 and SP15 groups, while the relative abundance of <i>Streptococcus bovis</i> was significantly decreased in the SP groups. Consequently, supplementing 15 g <i>Spirulina</i>/ewe/day increased the relative abundance of key cellulolytic species in the rumen, while amylolytic species were reduced only in the solid fraction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:15:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-20a417b627e541ffbff53799a4ad92ed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T09:15:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-20a417b627e541ffbff53799a4ad92ed2023-11-16T18:40:55ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152023-02-0113474010.3390/ani13040740Effect of <i>Spirulina</i> Dietary Supplementation in Modifying the Rumen Microbiota of EwesChristos Christodoulou0Alexandros Mavrommatis1Dimitris Loukovitis2George Symeon3Vassilios Dotas4Basiliki Kotsampasi5Eleni Tsiplakou6Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, GreeceLaboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Fisheries and Aquaculture, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Patras, 30200 Messolonghi, GreeceResearch Institute of Animal Science, ELGO DIMITRA, 58100 Giannitsa, GreeceDepartment of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, GreeceResearch Institute of Animal Science, ELGO DIMITRA, 58100 Giannitsa, GreeceLaboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, School of Animal Biosciences, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, GreeceSupplementing ruminant diets with microalgae, may prove an effective nutritional strategy to manipulate rumen microbiota. Forty-eight ewes were divided into four homogenous groups (<i>n</i> = 12) according to their fat-corrected milk yield (6%), body weight, age, and days in milk, and were fed individually with concentrate, alfalfa hay, and wheat straw. The concentrate of the control group (CON) had no <i>Spirulina</i> supplementation, while in the treated groups 5 (SP5), 10 (SP10), and 15 g (SP15) of <i>Spirulina</i> were supplemented as an additive in the concentrate. An initial screening using metagenomic next-generation sequencing technology was followed by RT-qPCR analysis for the targeting of specific microbes, which unveiled the main alterations of the rumen microbiota under the <i>Spirulina</i> supplementation levels. The relative abundance of <i>Eubacterium ruminantium</i> and <i>Fibrobacter succinogenes</i> in rumen fluid, as well as <i>Ruminococcus albus</i> in rumen solid fraction, were significantly increased in the SP15 group. Furthermore, the relative abundance of <i>Prevotella brevis</i> was significantly increased in the rumen fluid of the SP5 and SP10 groups. In contrast, the relative abundance of <i>Ruminobacter amylophilus</i> was significantly decreased in the rumen fluid of the SP10 compared to the CON group, while in the solid fraction it was significantly decreased in the SP groups. Moreover, the relative abundance of <i>Selenomonas ruminantium</i> was significantly decreased in the SP5 and SP15 groups, while the relative abundance of <i>Streptococcus bovis</i> was significantly decreased in the SP groups. Consequently, supplementing 15 g <i>Spirulina</i>/ewe/day increased the relative abundance of key cellulolytic species in the rumen, while amylolytic species were reduced only in the solid fraction.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/4/740ewesmicroalgae<i>Spirulina</i>rumenmicroorganisms |
| spellingShingle | Christos Christodoulou Alexandros Mavrommatis Dimitris Loukovitis George Symeon Vassilios Dotas Basiliki Kotsampasi Eleni Tsiplakou Effect of <i>Spirulina</i> Dietary Supplementation in Modifying the Rumen Microbiota of Ewes Animals ewes microalgae <i>Spirulina</i> rumen microorganisms |
| title | Effect of <i>Spirulina</i> Dietary Supplementation in Modifying the Rumen Microbiota of Ewes |
| title_full | Effect of <i>Spirulina</i> Dietary Supplementation in Modifying the Rumen Microbiota of Ewes |
| title_fullStr | Effect of <i>Spirulina</i> Dietary Supplementation in Modifying the Rumen Microbiota of Ewes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of <i>Spirulina</i> Dietary Supplementation in Modifying the Rumen Microbiota of Ewes |
| title_short | Effect of <i>Spirulina</i> Dietary Supplementation in Modifying the Rumen Microbiota of Ewes |
| title_sort | effect of i spirulina i dietary supplementation in modifying the rumen microbiota of ewes |
| topic | ewes microalgae <i>Spirulina</i> rumen microorganisms |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/13/4/740 |
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