Influence of Rainfall Seasonality in Groundwater Chemistry at Western Region of São Paulo State—Brazil
The present study evaluated the spatiotemporal variation in concentration of cadmium, lead and copper ions in groundwater wells in the stratigraphic subdivision “Santo Anastácio” that belongs to the Bauru aquifer system in the western region of São Paulo State. Exploratory statistics methods were em...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-05-01
|
| Series: | Water |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/11/1450 |
| _version_ | 1797533116306292736 |
|---|---|
| author | Lais A. Maroubo Marcos R. Moreira-Silva José Jerônimo Teixeira Marcos F. S. Teixeira |
| author_facet | Lais A. Maroubo Marcos R. Moreira-Silva José Jerônimo Teixeira Marcos F. S. Teixeira |
| author_sort | Lais A. Maroubo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The present study evaluated the spatiotemporal variation in concentration of cadmium, lead and copper ions in groundwater wells in the stratigraphic subdivision “Santo Anastácio” that belongs to the Bauru aquifer system in the western region of São Paulo State. Exploratory statistics methods were employed to investigate the response of the concentration of these metals in the aquifer through the pluviometric index of the region. The results show a direct dependence of the mean monthly flow of the metals in the groundwaters to the monthly rainfall flow. The observed behavior was cyclic with a gradual increase and decrease in the flow throughout time. Two groups of cyclic variation were identified. The seasonality of the mean monthly flow of Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> was inversely proportional to the magnitude of the pluviometric index of the region studied. Meanwhile, the seasonality of Cu<sup>2+</sup> was directly correlated to the seasonable rainfall variability. These behaviors lead us to point out that cadmium and lead come from minerals present in the aquifer itself and the presence of copper in groundwater is associated with an anthropogenic action due to the region’s agricultural activity. The study helps us better comprehend the behavior of the whole groundwater system through a comparison with temporal hydrogeochemistry. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:10:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-20caab81cc9544f7afe1915d14ca7590 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:10:00Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-20caab81cc9544f7afe1915d14ca75902023-11-21T20:50:53ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-05-011311145010.3390/w13111450Influence of Rainfall Seasonality in Groundwater Chemistry at Western Region of São Paulo State—BrazilLais A. Maroubo0Marcos R. Moreira-Silva1José Jerônimo Teixeira2Marcos F. S. Teixeira3Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Science and Technology—Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Presidente Prudente, SP 19060-900, BrazilDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Science and Technology—Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Presidente Prudente, SP 19060-900, BrazilDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Science and Technology—Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Presidente Prudente, SP 19060-900, BrazilDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Science and Technology—Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Roberto Simonsen 305, Presidente Prudente, SP 19060-900, BrazilThe present study evaluated the spatiotemporal variation in concentration of cadmium, lead and copper ions in groundwater wells in the stratigraphic subdivision “Santo Anastácio” that belongs to the Bauru aquifer system in the western region of São Paulo State. Exploratory statistics methods were employed to investigate the response of the concentration of these metals in the aquifer through the pluviometric index of the region. The results show a direct dependence of the mean monthly flow of the metals in the groundwaters to the monthly rainfall flow. The observed behavior was cyclic with a gradual increase and decrease in the flow throughout time. Two groups of cyclic variation were identified. The seasonality of the mean monthly flow of Cd<sup>2+</sup> and Pb<sup>2+</sup> was inversely proportional to the magnitude of the pluviometric index of the region studied. Meanwhile, the seasonality of Cu<sup>2+</sup> was directly correlated to the seasonable rainfall variability. These behaviors lead us to point out that cadmium and lead come from minerals present in the aquifer itself and the presence of copper in groundwater is associated with an anthropogenic action due to the region’s agricultural activity. The study helps us better comprehend the behavior of the whole groundwater system through a comparison with temporal hydrogeochemistry.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/11/1450spatiotemporal distributionmetal transportcorrelation analysisgroundwater |
| spellingShingle | Lais A. Maroubo Marcos R. Moreira-Silva José Jerônimo Teixeira Marcos F. S. Teixeira Influence of Rainfall Seasonality in Groundwater Chemistry at Western Region of São Paulo State—Brazil Water spatiotemporal distribution metal transport correlation analysis groundwater |
| title | Influence of Rainfall Seasonality in Groundwater Chemistry at Western Region of São Paulo State—Brazil |
| title_full | Influence of Rainfall Seasonality in Groundwater Chemistry at Western Region of São Paulo State—Brazil |
| title_fullStr | Influence of Rainfall Seasonality in Groundwater Chemistry at Western Region of São Paulo State—Brazil |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of Rainfall Seasonality in Groundwater Chemistry at Western Region of São Paulo State—Brazil |
| title_short | Influence of Rainfall Seasonality in Groundwater Chemistry at Western Region of São Paulo State—Brazil |
| title_sort | influence of rainfall seasonality in groundwater chemistry at western region of sao paulo state brazil |
| topic | spatiotemporal distribution metal transport correlation analysis groundwater |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/11/1450 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT laisamaroubo influenceofrainfallseasonalityingroundwaterchemistryatwesternregionofsaopaulostatebrazil AT marcosrmoreirasilva influenceofrainfallseasonalityingroundwaterchemistryatwesternregionofsaopaulostatebrazil AT josejeronimoteixeira influenceofrainfallseasonalityingroundwaterchemistryatwesternregionofsaopaulostatebrazil AT marcosfsteixeira influenceofrainfallseasonalityingroundwaterchemistryatwesternregionofsaopaulostatebrazil |