Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Marine Polysaccharides: Types, Synthesis, and Applications
The marine environment offers a vast array of resources, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, that can be utilized to extract polysaccharides such as alginate, carrageenan, chitin, chitosan, agarose, ulvan, porphyra, and many more. These polysaccharides found in marine environments can ser...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Marine Drugs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/21/6/338 |
| _version_ | 1797593701210390528 |
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| author | Fernando G. Torres Karen N. Gonzales Omar P. Troncoso Victoria S. Cañedo |
| author_facet | Fernando G. Torres Karen N. Gonzales Omar P. Troncoso Victoria S. Cañedo |
| author_sort | Fernando G. Torres |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The marine environment offers a vast array of resources, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, that can be utilized to extract polysaccharides such as alginate, carrageenan, chitin, chitosan, agarose, ulvan, porphyra, and many more. These polysaccharides found in marine environments can serve as carbon-rich precursors for synthesizing carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Marine polysaccharides have a distinct advantage over other CQD precursors because they contain multiple heteroatoms, including nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and oxygen (O). The surface of CQDs can be naturally doped, reducing the need for excessive use of chemical reagents and promoting green methods. The present review highlights the processing methods used to synthesize CQDs from marine polysaccharide precursors. These can be classified according to their biological origin as being derived from algae, crustaceans, or fish. CQDs can be synthesized to exhibit exceptional optical properties, including high fluorescence emission, absorbance, quenching, and quantum yield. CQDs’ structural, morphological, and optical properties can be adjusted by utilizing multi-heteroatom precursors. Moreover, owing to their biocompatibility and low toxicity, CQDs obtained from marine polysaccharides have potential applications in various fields, including biomedicine (e.g., drug delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing), photocatalysis, water quality monitoring, and the food industry. Using marine polysaccharides to produce carbon quantum dots (CQDs) enables the transformation of renewable sources into a cutting-edge technological product. This review can provide fundamental insights for the development of novel nanomaterials derived from natural marine sources. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:13:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-20d6dbbc1cc84c889fd977adb3362e95 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:13:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-20d6dbbc1cc84c889fd977adb3362e952023-11-18T11:22:31ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972023-05-0121633810.3390/md21060338Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Marine Polysaccharides: Types, Synthesis, and ApplicationsFernando G. Torres0Karen N. Gonzales1Omar P. Troncoso2Victoria S. Cañedo3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, PeruDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, PeruDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, PeruDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, Av. Universitaria 1801, Lima 15088, PeruThe marine environment offers a vast array of resources, including plants, animals, and microorganisms, that can be utilized to extract polysaccharides such as alginate, carrageenan, chitin, chitosan, agarose, ulvan, porphyra, and many more. These polysaccharides found in marine environments can serve as carbon-rich precursors for synthesizing carbon quantum dots (CQDs). Marine polysaccharides have a distinct advantage over other CQD precursors because they contain multiple heteroatoms, including nitrogen (N), sulfur (S), and oxygen (O). The surface of CQDs can be naturally doped, reducing the need for excessive use of chemical reagents and promoting green methods. The present review highlights the processing methods used to synthesize CQDs from marine polysaccharide precursors. These can be classified according to their biological origin as being derived from algae, crustaceans, or fish. CQDs can be synthesized to exhibit exceptional optical properties, including high fluorescence emission, absorbance, quenching, and quantum yield. CQDs’ structural, morphological, and optical properties can be adjusted by utilizing multi-heteroatom precursors. Moreover, owing to their biocompatibility and low toxicity, CQDs obtained from marine polysaccharides have potential applications in various fields, including biomedicine (e.g., drug delivery, bioimaging, and biosensing), photocatalysis, water quality monitoring, and the food industry. Using marine polysaccharides to produce carbon quantum dots (CQDs) enables the transformation of renewable sources into a cutting-edge technological product. This review can provide fundamental insights for the development of novel nanomaterials derived from natural marine sources.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/21/6/338carbon quantum dotsmarine polysaccharidesdrug deliverybiosensingbioimaging |
| spellingShingle | Fernando G. Torres Karen N. Gonzales Omar P. Troncoso Victoria S. Cañedo Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Marine Polysaccharides: Types, Synthesis, and Applications Marine Drugs carbon quantum dots marine polysaccharides drug delivery biosensing bioimaging |
| title | Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Marine Polysaccharides: Types, Synthesis, and Applications |
| title_full | Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Marine Polysaccharides: Types, Synthesis, and Applications |
| title_fullStr | Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Marine Polysaccharides: Types, Synthesis, and Applications |
| title_full_unstemmed | Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Marine Polysaccharides: Types, Synthesis, and Applications |
| title_short | Carbon Quantum Dots Based on Marine Polysaccharides: Types, Synthesis, and Applications |
| title_sort | carbon quantum dots based on marine polysaccharides types synthesis and applications |
| topic | carbon quantum dots marine polysaccharides drug delivery biosensing bioimaging |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/21/6/338 |
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