Recovery of Graphite and Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Applying Two Pretreatment Methods and Flotation Combined with a Rapid Analysis Technique
This work investigates the comprehensive recycling of graphite and cathode active materials (LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Mn<sub>0.2</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, abbreviated as NMC) from spent lithium-ion batteries via pretreatment and flotation. Specific...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/4/677 |
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| author | Hao Qiu Christoph Peschel Martin Winter Sascha Nowak Johanna Köthe Daniel Goldmann |
| author_facet | Hao Qiu Christoph Peschel Martin Winter Sascha Nowak Johanna Köthe Daniel Goldmann |
| author_sort | Hao Qiu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work investigates the comprehensive recycling of graphite and cathode active materials (LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Mn<sub>0.2</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, abbreviated as NMC) from spent lithium-ion batteries via pretreatment and flotation. Specific analytical methods (SPME-GC-MS and Py-GC-MS) were utilized to identify and trace the relevant influencing factors. Two different pretreatment methods, which are Fenton oxidation and roasting, were investigated with respect to their influence on the flotation effectiveness. As a result, for NMC cathode active materials, a recovery of 90% and a maximum grade of 83% were obtained by the optimized roasting and flotation. Meanwhile, a graphite grade of 77% in the froth product was achieved, with a graphite recovery of 75%. By using SPME-GC-MS and Py-GC-MS analyses, it could be shown that, in an optimized process, an effective destruction/removal of the electrolyte and binder residues can be reached. The applied analytical tools could be integrated into the workflow, which enabled process control in terms of the pretreatment sufficiency and achievable separation in the subsequent flotation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:23:38Z |
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| id | doaj.art-20ddf5f5ae024c04a8d83a168c0b2770 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:23:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-20ddf5f5ae024c04a8d83a168c0b27702023-12-03T13:43:20ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012022-04-0112467710.3390/met12040677Recovery of Graphite and Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Applying Two Pretreatment Methods and Flotation Combined with a Rapid Analysis TechniqueHao Qiu0Christoph Peschel1Martin Winter2Sascha Nowak3Johanna Köthe4Daniel Goldmann5Institute of Mineral and Waste Processing, Waste Disposal and Geomechanics (IFAD), Clausthal University of Technology, Walther-Nernst-Str. 9, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyMEET Battery Research Center, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, GermanyMEET Battery Research Center, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, GermanyMEET Battery Research Center, University of Münster, Corrensstr. 46, 48149 Münster, GermanyInstitute of Mineral and Waste Processing, Waste Disposal and Geomechanics (IFAD), Clausthal University of Technology, Walther-Nernst-Str. 9, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyInstitute of Mineral and Waste Processing, Waste Disposal and Geomechanics (IFAD), Clausthal University of Technology, Walther-Nernst-Str. 9, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, GermanyThis work investigates the comprehensive recycling of graphite and cathode active materials (LiNi<sub>0.6</sub>Mn<sub>0.2</sub>Co<sub>0.2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, abbreviated as NMC) from spent lithium-ion batteries via pretreatment and flotation. Specific analytical methods (SPME-GC-MS and Py-GC-MS) were utilized to identify and trace the relevant influencing factors. Two different pretreatment methods, which are Fenton oxidation and roasting, were investigated with respect to their influence on the flotation effectiveness. As a result, for NMC cathode active materials, a recovery of 90% and a maximum grade of 83% were obtained by the optimized roasting and flotation. Meanwhile, a graphite grade of 77% in the froth product was achieved, with a graphite recovery of 75%. By using SPME-GC-MS and Py-GC-MS analyses, it could be shown that, in an optimized process, an effective destruction/removal of the electrolyte and binder residues can be reached. The applied analytical tools could be integrated into the workflow, which enabled process control in terms of the pretreatment sufficiency and achievable separation in the subsequent flotation.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/4/677flotationFenton oxidationthermal pretreatmentlithium-ion batteryrecyclinggraphite |
| spellingShingle | Hao Qiu Christoph Peschel Martin Winter Sascha Nowak Johanna Köthe Daniel Goldmann Recovery of Graphite and Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Applying Two Pretreatment Methods and Flotation Combined with a Rapid Analysis Technique Metals flotation Fenton oxidation thermal pretreatment lithium-ion battery recycling graphite |
| title | Recovery of Graphite and Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Applying Two Pretreatment Methods and Flotation Combined with a Rapid Analysis Technique |
| title_full | Recovery of Graphite and Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Applying Two Pretreatment Methods and Flotation Combined with a Rapid Analysis Technique |
| title_fullStr | Recovery of Graphite and Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Applying Two Pretreatment Methods and Flotation Combined with a Rapid Analysis Technique |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recovery of Graphite and Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Applying Two Pretreatment Methods and Flotation Combined with a Rapid Analysis Technique |
| title_short | Recovery of Graphite and Cathode Active Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries by Applying Two Pretreatment Methods and Flotation Combined with a Rapid Analysis Technique |
| title_sort | recovery of graphite and cathode active materials from spent lithium ion batteries by applying two pretreatment methods and flotation combined with a rapid analysis technique |
| topic | flotation Fenton oxidation thermal pretreatment lithium-ion battery recycling graphite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/12/4/677 |
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