Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalates in Human Placenta by Mixed Hexane/Ether Extraction and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)
In this study, we evaluated the extraction effect of three different extractants, namely hexane + ether (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i> = 3:1), acetonitrile and ethyl acetate, on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in placenta detected and analysed by t...
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MDPI AG
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Metabolites |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/9/978 |
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| author | Lin Tao Yingkuan Tian Dengqing Liao Songlin An Wei Chen Xiang Liu Pei Xu Xubo Shen Yuanzhong Zhou |
| author_facet | Lin Tao Yingkuan Tian Dengqing Liao Songlin An Wei Chen Xiang Liu Pei Xu Xubo Shen Yuanzhong Zhou |
| author_sort | Lin Tao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this study, we evaluated the extraction effect of three different extractants, namely hexane + ether (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i> = 3:1), acetonitrile and ethyl acetate, on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in placenta detected and analysed by triple quadrupole gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The results showed that n-hexane + ether (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i> = 3:1) had the highest extraction efficiency. Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection (LOD) for the 10 PAHs were 0.003–0.0167 μg/L with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 1.4–5.48% and detection rates of 68.19–107.05%, and the correlation coefficients were (R<sup>2</sup>, 0.9982–0.9999). The LODs for the nine PAEs were 0.0015–3.5714 μg/L and the correlation coefficients were (R<sup>2</sup>, 0.9982–0.9999). The limits of detection (S/N = 3) for the nine PAHs were 0.0015–0.5714 μg/L with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 3.15–8.37%, and the detection rates were 80.45–112.59% with correlations of (R<sup>2</sup>, 0.9972–0.9998). The method was applied to the analysis of PAHs and phthalates in placenta samples from pregnant women. The method’s accuracy and applicability were demonstrated. In comparison with other methods for the detection of PAEs and PAHs, the method proposed in this paper has a wider linear range, lower minimum detection limit and comparable recovery with good correlation. This paper is dedicated to providing another method for improving the performance of extracting solid tissues. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:27:44Z |
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| issn | 2218-1989 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:27:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metabolites |
| spelling | doaj.art-20e8134144334eb188b0883c7d3880942023-11-19T11:55:04ZengMDPI AGMetabolites2218-19892023-08-0113997810.3390/metabo13090978Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalates in Human Placenta by Mixed Hexane/Ether Extraction and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)Lin Tao0Yingkuan Tian1Dengqing Liao2Songlin An3Wei Chen4Xiang Liu5Pei Xu6Xubo Shen7Yuanzhong Zhou8Key Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu Street, Honghuagang District, Zunyi 563006, ChinaKey Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu Street, Honghuagang District, Zunyi 563006, ChinaKey Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu Street, Honghuagang District, Zunyi 563006, ChinaKey Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu Street, Honghuagang District, Zunyi 563006, ChinaKey Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu Street, Honghuagang District, Zunyi 563006, ChinaKey Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu Street, Honghuagang District, Zunyi 563006, ChinaKey Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu Street, Honghuagang District, Zunyi 563006, ChinaKey Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu Street, Honghuagang District, Zunyi 563006, ChinaKey Laboratory, School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, No.6 Xuefu West Road, Xinpu Street, Honghuagang District, Zunyi 563006, ChinaIn this study, we evaluated the extraction effect of three different extractants, namely hexane + ether (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i> = 3:1), acetonitrile and ethyl acetate, on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and phthalic acid esters (PAEs) in placenta detected and analysed by triple quadrupole gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The results showed that n-hexane + ether (<i>v</i>/<i>v</i> = 3:1) had the highest extraction efficiency. Under the optimal conditions, the limits of detection (LOD) for the 10 PAHs were 0.003–0.0167 μg/L with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 1.4–5.48% and detection rates of 68.19–107.05%, and the correlation coefficients were (R<sup>2</sup>, 0.9982–0.9999). The LODs for the nine PAEs were 0.0015–3.5714 μg/L and the correlation coefficients were (R<sup>2</sup>, 0.9982–0.9999). The limits of detection (S/N = 3) for the nine PAHs were 0.0015–0.5714 μg/L with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 3.15–8.37%, and the detection rates were 80.45–112.59% with correlations of (R<sup>2</sup>, 0.9972–0.9998). The method was applied to the analysis of PAHs and phthalates in placenta samples from pregnant women. The method’s accuracy and applicability were demonstrated. In comparison with other methods for the detection of PAEs and PAHs, the method proposed in this paper has a wider linear range, lower minimum detection limit and comparable recovery with good correlation. This paper is dedicated to providing another method for improving the performance of extracting solid tissues.https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/9/978pregnant womenplacentapretreatmenttriple quadrupole gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS)internal standard method |
| spellingShingle | Lin Tao Yingkuan Tian Dengqing Liao Songlin An Wei Chen Xiang Liu Pei Xu Xubo Shen Yuanzhong Zhou Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalates in Human Placenta by Mixed Hexane/Ether Extraction and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) Metabolites pregnant women placenta pretreatment triple quadrupole gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) internal standard method |
| title | Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalates in Human Placenta by Mixed Hexane/Ether Extraction and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) |
| title_full | Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalates in Human Placenta by Mixed Hexane/Ether Extraction and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) |
| title_fullStr | Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalates in Human Placenta by Mixed Hexane/Ether Extraction and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalates in Human Placenta by Mixed Hexane/Ether Extraction and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) |
| title_short | Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and Phthalates in Human Placenta by Mixed Hexane/Ether Extraction and Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry/Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) |
| title_sort | determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pahs and phthalates in human placenta by mixed hexane ether extraction and gas chromatography mass spectrometry mass spectrometry gc ms ms |
| topic | pregnant women placenta pretreatment triple quadrupole gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) internal standard method |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2218-1989/13/9/978 |
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