Brain–computer interface: trend, challenges, and threats
Abstract Brain–computer interface (BCI), an emerging technology that facilitates communication between brain and computer, has attracted a great deal of research in recent years. Researchers provide experimental results demonstrating that BCI can restore the capabilities of physically challenged peo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Brain Informatics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-023-00199-3 |
| _version_ | 1827707572456521728 |
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| author | Baraka Maiseli Abdi T. Abdalla Libe V. Massawe Mercy Mbise Khadija Mkocha Nassor Ally Nassor Moses Ismail James Michael Samwel Kimambo |
| author_facet | Baraka Maiseli Abdi T. Abdalla Libe V. Massawe Mercy Mbise Khadija Mkocha Nassor Ally Nassor Moses Ismail James Michael Samwel Kimambo |
| author_sort | Baraka Maiseli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Brain–computer interface (BCI), an emerging technology that facilitates communication between brain and computer, has attracted a great deal of research in recent years. Researchers provide experimental results demonstrating that BCI can restore the capabilities of physically challenged people, hence improving the quality of their lives. BCI has revolutionized and positively impacted several industries, including entertainment and gaming, automation and control, education, neuromarketing, and neuroergonomics. Notwithstanding its broad range of applications, the global trend of BCI remains lightly discussed in the literature. Understanding the trend may inform researchers and practitioners on the direction of the field, and on where they should invest their efforts more. Noting this significance, we have analyzed 25,336 metadata of BCI publications from Scopus to determine advancement of the field. The analysis shows an exponential growth of BCI publications in China from 2019 onwards, exceeding those from the United States that started to decline during the same period. Implications and reasons for this trend are discussed. Furthermore, we have extensively discussed challenges and threats limiting exploitation of BCI capabilities. A typical BCI architecture is hypothesized to address two prominent BCI threats, privacy and security, as an attempt to make the technology commercially viable to the society. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:49:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-20e8dc51a0b746ac969e1cde3b95845b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2198-4018 2198-4026 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:49:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Brain Informatics |
| spelling | doaj.art-20e8dc51a0b746ac969e1cde3b95845b2023-11-20T11:21:21ZengSpringerOpenBrain Informatics2198-40182198-40262023-08-0110111610.1186/s40708-023-00199-3Brain–computer interface: trend, challenges, and threatsBaraka Maiseli0Abdi T. Abdalla1Libe V. Massawe2Mercy Mbise3Khadija Mkocha4Nassor Ally Nassor5Moses Ismail6James Michael7Samwel Kimambo8Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es SalaamDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es SalaamDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es SalaamDepartment of Computer Science and Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es SalaamDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es SalaamDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es SalaamDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es SalaamDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es SalaamDepartment of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, College of Information and Communication Technologies, University of Dar es SalaamAbstract Brain–computer interface (BCI), an emerging technology that facilitates communication between brain and computer, has attracted a great deal of research in recent years. Researchers provide experimental results demonstrating that BCI can restore the capabilities of physically challenged people, hence improving the quality of their lives. BCI has revolutionized and positively impacted several industries, including entertainment and gaming, automation and control, education, neuromarketing, and neuroergonomics. Notwithstanding its broad range of applications, the global trend of BCI remains lightly discussed in the literature. Understanding the trend may inform researchers and practitioners on the direction of the field, and on where they should invest their efforts more. Noting this significance, we have analyzed 25,336 metadata of BCI publications from Scopus to determine advancement of the field. The analysis shows an exponential growth of BCI publications in China from 2019 onwards, exceeding those from the United States that started to decline during the same period. Implications and reasons for this trend are discussed. Furthermore, we have extensively discussed challenges and threats limiting exploitation of BCI capabilities. A typical BCI architecture is hypothesized to address two prominent BCI threats, privacy and security, as an attempt to make the technology commercially viable to the society.https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-023-00199-3Brain–computer interfaceBrain activityMachine learningNeurological diseaseSignal processingAugmented reality |
| spellingShingle | Baraka Maiseli Abdi T. Abdalla Libe V. Massawe Mercy Mbise Khadija Mkocha Nassor Ally Nassor Moses Ismail James Michael Samwel Kimambo Brain–computer interface: trend, challenges, and threats Brain Informatics Brain–computer interface Brain activity Machine learning Neurological disease Signal processing Augmented reality |
| title | Brain–computer interface: trend, challenges, and threats |
| title_full | Brain–computer interface: trend, challenges, and threats |
| title_fullStr | Brain–computer interface: trend, challenges, and threats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Brain–computer interface: trend, challenges, and threats |
| title_short | Brain–computer interface: trend, challenges, and threats |
| title_sort | brain computer interface trend challenges and threats |
| topic | Brain–computer interface Brain activity Machine learning Neurological disease Signal processing Augmented reality |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s40708-023-00199-3 |
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