Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria
Abstract Long-lasting insecticidal nets, or LLINs, have significantly reduced malaria morbidity and mortality over the past two decades. The net provides a physical barrier that decreases human-mosquito contact and the impregnated insecticide kills susceptible mosquito vectors upon contact and may r...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Malaria Journal |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-3151-x |
| _version_ | 1831812491298996224 |
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| author | Krijn P. Paaijmans Silvie Huijben |
| author_facet | Krijn P. Paaijmans Silvie Huijben |
| author_sort | Krijn P. Paaijmans |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Long-lasting insecticidal nets, or LLINs, have significantly reduced malaria morbidity and mortality over the past two decades. The net provides a physical barrier that decreases human-mosquito contact and the impregnated insecticide kills susceptible mosquito vectors upon contact and may repel them. However, the future of LLINs is threatened as resistance to pyrethroids is now widespread, the chemical arsenal for LLINs is very limited, time from discovery of next-generation insecticides to market is long, and persistent transmission is frequently caused by vector populations avoiding contact with LLINs. Here we ask the question whether, given these challenges, insecticides should be incorporated in nets at all. We argue that developing long-lasting nets without insecticide(s) can still reduce vector populations and provide both personal and community protection, if combined with other approaches or technologies. Taking the insecticide out of the equation (i) allows for a faster response to the current pyrethroid resistance crisis, (ii) avoids an LLIN-treadmill aimed at replacing failing bed nets due to insecticide resistance, and (iii) permits the utilization of our current and future insecticidal arsenal for other vector control tools to target persistent malaria transmission. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:38:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-20f06a1e7a864c9a8a8e2b018d4f3951 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1475-2875 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T21:38:13Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Malaria Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-20f06a1e7a864c9a8a8e2b018d4f39512022-12-21T18:11:41ZengBMCMalaria Journal1475-28752020-02-011911610.1186/s12936-020-3151-xTaking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malariaKrijn P. Paaijmans0Silvie Huijben1Center for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State UniversityCenter for Evolution and Medicine, School of Life Sciences, Arizona State UniversityAbstract Long-lasting insecticidal nets, or LLINs, have significantly reduced malaria morbidity and mortality over the past two decades. The net provides a physical barrier that decreases human-mosquito contact and the impregnated insecticide kills susceptible mosquito vectors upon contact and may repel them. However, the future of LLINs is threatened as resistance to pyrethroids is now widespread, the chemical arsenal for LLINs is very limited, time from discovery of next-generation insecticides to market is long, and persistent transmission is frequently caused by vector populations avoiding contact with LLINs. Here we ask the question whether, given these challenges, insecticides should be incorporated in nets at all. We argue that developing long-lasting nets without insecticide(s) can still reduce vector populations and provide both personal and community protection, if combined with other approaches or technologies. Taking the insecticide out of the equation (i) allows for a faster response to the current pyrethroid resistance crisis, (ii) avoids an LLIN-treadmill aimed at replacing failing bed nets due to insecticide resistance, and (iii) permits the utilization of our current and future insecticidal arsenal for other vector control tools to target persistent malaria transmission.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-3151-xInsecticidesResistanceMalaria eliminationVector control |
| spellingShingle | Krijn P. Paaijmans Silvie Huijben Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria Malaria Journal Insecticides Resistance Malaria elimination Vector control |
| title | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
| title_full | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
| title_fullStr | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
| title_short | Taking the ‘I’ out of LLINs: using insecticides in vector control tools other than long-lasting nets to fight malaria |
| title_sort | taking the i out of llins using insecticides in vector control tools other than long lasting nets to fight malaria |
| topic | Insecticides Resistance Malaria elimination Vector control |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-3151-x |
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