In Vitro and In Vivo Antibiofilm Activity of Red Onion Scales: An Agro-Food Waste
Red onion wastes (ROW) are valuable sources of bioactive metabolites with promising antimicrobial effects. Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) infections are a growing risk in hospitals and communities. This study aims to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antibio...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/355 |
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| author | Nermeen B. Ali Riham A. El-Shiekh Rehab M. Ashour Sabah H. El-Gayed Essam Abdel-Sattar Mariam Hassan |
| author_facet | Nermeen B. Ali Riham A. El-Shiekh Rehab M. Ashour Sabah H. El-Gayed Essam Abdel-Sattar Mariam Hassan |
| author_sort | Nermeen B. Ali |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Red onion wastes (ROW) are valuable sources of bioactive metabolites with promising antimicrobial effects. Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) infections are a growing risk in hospitals and communities. This study aims to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antibiofilm activities of the acidified ethanolic extract of red onion scales (RO-T) and its fractions against an MRSA vaginal colonization model. The RO-T extract, as well as its anthocyanin-rich fraction (RO-P) and flavonoid-rich fraction (RO-S), recorded a promising antibacterial activity against highly virulent strains of bacteria (MRSA, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>). RO-S showed the highest antibacterial activity (MBC of 0.33 ± 0.11 mg/mL) against MRSA USA300 and significantly eradicated its biofilm formation with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.003. Using a rat model, in vivo assessment on all samples, which were formulated as a hydrogel, revealed a significant reduction of MRSA bacterial load recovered from an infected vagina compared to that of the negative control group (NCG). RO-T extract and vancomycin groups recorded the highest antibacterial activity with a bacterial load 2.998 and 3.358 logs lower than the NCG, respectively. The histopathological investigation confirmed our findings. RO-T and RO-S were standardized for their quercetin content. Finally, ROW offers a new potent antibiofilm agent mostly due to its high quercetin content. |
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| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T09:43:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-20f4cf1c05a7468c9829cba45d828ab52023-12-02T00:42:29ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-01-0128135510.3390/molecules28010355In Vitro and In Vivo Antibiofilm Activity of Red Onion Scales: An Agro-Food WasteNermeen B. Ali0Riham A. El-Shiekh1Rehab M. Ashour2Sabah H. El-Gayed3Essam Abdel-Sattar4Mariam Hassan5Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, EgyptDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, EgyptDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, EgyptRed onion wastes (ROW) are valuable sources of bioactive metabolites with promising antimicrobial effects. Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) infections are a growing risk in hospitals and communities. This study aims to investigate the in vitro and in vivo antibiofilm activities of the acidified ethanolic extract of red onion scales (RO-T) and its fractions against an MRSA vaginal colonization model. The RO-T extract, as well as its anthocyanin-rich fraction (RO-P) and flavonoid-rich fraction (RO-S), recorded a promising antibacterial activity against highly virulent strains of bacteria (MRSA, <i>Acinetobacter baumannii</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>). RO-S showed the highest antibacterial activity (MBC of 0.33 ± 0.11 mg/mL) against MRSA USA300 and significantly eradicated its biofilm formation with an IC<sub>50</sub> of 0.003. Using a rat model, in vivo assessment on all samples, which were formulated as a hydrogel, revealed a significant reduction of MRSA bacterial load recovered from an infected vagina compared to that of the negative control group (NCG). RO-T extract and vancomycin groups recorded the highest antibacterial activity with a bacterial load 2.998 and 3.358 logs lower than the NCG, respectively. The histopathological investigation confirmed our findings. RO-T and RO-S were standardized for their quercetin content. Finally, ROW offers a new potent antibiofilm agent mostly due to its high quercetin content.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/355agro-waste<i>Allium cepa</i>antibacterialMRSAvaginal colonizationstandardization |
| spellingShingle | Nermeen B. Ali Riham A. El-Shiekh Rehab M. Ashour Sabah H. El-Gayed Essam Abdel-Sattar Mariam Hassan In Vitro and In Vivo Antibiofilm Activity of Red Onion Scales: An Agro-Food Waste Molecules agro-waste <i>Allium cepa</i> antibacterial MRSA vaginal colonization standardization |
| title | In Vitro and In Vivo Antibiofilm Activity of Red Onion Scales: An Agro-Food Waste |
| title_full | In Vitro and In Vivo Antibiofilm Activity of Red Onion Scales: An Agro-Food Waste |
| title_fullStr | In Vitro and In Vivo Antibiofilm Activity of Red Onion Scales: An Agro-Food Waste |
| title_full_unstemmed | In Vitro and In Vivo Antibiofilm Activity of Red Onion Scales: An Agro-Food Waste |
| title_short | In Vitro and In Vivo Antibiofilm Activity of Red Onion Scales: An Agro-Food Waste |
| title_sort | in vitro and in vivo antibiofilm activity of red onion scales an agro food waste |
| topic | agro-waste <i>Allium cepa</i> antibacterial MRSA vaginal colonization standardization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/1/355 |
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