CFD Analysis of the Forced Airflow and Temperature Distribution in the Air-Conditioned Operator’s Cabin of the Stationary Rock Breaker in Underground Mine under Increasing Heat Flux
The exploitation of natural resources is associated with many natural hazards. Currently, the copper ore deposits exploited in Polish mines are located at a depth of about 1200 m below the surface. The primary temperature of the rocks in the exploited areas reaches 48 <inline-formula><math...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Energies |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3814 |
| _version_ | 1797602669974519808 |
|---|---|
| author | Adam Wróblewski Arkadiusz Macek Aleksandra Banasiewicz Sebastian Gola Maciej Zawiślak Anna Janicka |
| author_facet | Adam Wróblewski Arkadiusz Macek Aleksandra Banasiewicz Sebastian Gola Maciej Zawiślak Anna Janicka |
| author_sort | Adam Wróblewski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The exploitation of natural resources is associated with many natural hazards. Currently, the copper ore deposits exploited in Polish mines are located at a depth of about 1200 m below the surface. The primary temperature of the rocks in the exploited areas reaches 48 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C, which constitutes a major source of heat flux to the mine air. However, another important source of heat is the machine plant, which mainly consists of machines powered by diesel engines. Following the results of in situ measurements, boundary conditions for a simulation were determined and a geometric model of the cabin was created. Furthermore, an average human model was created, whose radiative heat transfer was included in the analysis. Three cases were studied: the first covering the current state of thermal conditions, based on the measurement results, and two cases of forecast conditions. In the second case, the temperature of the conditioned air was determined, and in the third, the flow velocity required to ensure thermal comfort was found. The results of the simulation indicated that for the microclimatic conditions established based on the measurements (ambient air temperature in the excavation 35.0 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C, air-conditioned airflow 2.4 × 10<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> m<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>/s, and temperature 10.0 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C), the temperature of the air inside the air-conditioned operator’s cabin would be 20.4 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C. Based on the personal mean vote (PMV) index, it was concluded that the thermal sensation would range from neutral to slightly cool, which confirmed the legitimacy of the actions taken to reduce the adverse impact of the microclimatic conditions on workers in the workplace. However, for the case of predicted conditions of enhanced heat flux from strata and machinery, resulting in an average ambient temperature increased to 38.0 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C, it would be necessary to lower the temperature of air from the air conditioner to 8.00 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C or increase the flow rate to 3.14 × 10<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> m<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>/s to maintain thermal comfort at the same level of PMV index. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:19:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-210b647fcfff43908e959605f50f7a52 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:19:52Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-210b647fcfff43908e959605f50f7a522023-11-17T22:52:06ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732023-04-01169381410.3390/en16093814CFD Analysis of the Forced Airflow and Temperature Distribution in the Air-Conditioned Operator’s Cabin of the Stationary Rock Breaker in Underground Mine under Increasing Heat FluxAdam Wróblewski0Arkadiusz Macek1Aleksandra Banasiewicz2Sebastian Gola3Maciej Zawiślak4Anna Janicka5Faculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Na Grobli 15, 50-421 Wroclaw, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Łukasiewicza 5/7, 50-370 Wroclaw, PolandFaculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Na Grobli 15, 50-421 Wroclaw, PolandFaculty of Geoengineering, Mining and Geology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Na Grobli 15, 50-421 Wroclaw, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Łukasiewicza 5/7, 50-370 Wroclaw, PolandFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Łukasiewicza 5/7, 50-370 Wroclaw, PolandThe exploitation of natural resources is associated with many natural hazards. Currently, the copper ore deposits exploited in Polish mines are located at a depth of about 1200 m below the surface. The primary temperature of the rocks in the exploited areas reaches 48 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C, which constitutes a major source of heat flux to the mine air. However, another important source of heat is the machine plant, which mainly consists of machines powered by diesel engines. Following the results of in situ measurements, boundary conditions for a simulation were determined and a geometric model of the cabin was created. Furthermore, an average human model was created, whose radiative heat transfer was included in the analysis. Three cases were studied: the first covering the current state of thermal conditions, based on the measurement results, and two cases of forecast conditions. In the second case, the temperature of the conditioned air was determined, and in the third, the flow velocity required to ensure thermal comfort was found. The results of the simulation indicated that for the microclimatic conditions established based on the measurements (ambient air temperature in the excavation 35.0 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C, air-conditioned airflow 2.4 × 10<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> m<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>/s, and temperature 10.0 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C), the temperature of the air inside the air-conditioned operator’s cabin would be 20.4 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C. Based on the personal mean vote (PMV) index, it was concluded that the thermal sensation would range from neutral to slightly cool, which confirmed the legitimacy of the actions taken to reduce the adverse impact of the microclimatic conditions on workers in the workplace. However, for the case of predicted conditions of enhanced heat flux from strata and machinery, resulting in an average ambient temperature increased to 38.0 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C, it would be necessary to lower the temperature of air from the air conditioner to 8.00 <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mo>∘</mo></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>C or increase the flow rate to 3.14 × 10<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> m<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mrow></mrow><mn>3</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula>/s to maintain thermal comfort at the same level of PMV index.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3814CFDcabin interiorcabin air conditioning analysisheat transferthermal hazard |
| spellingShingle | Adam Wróblewski Arkadiusz Macek Aleksandra Banasiewicz Sebastian Gola Maciej Zawiślak Anna Janicka CFD Analysis of the Forced Airflow and Temperature Distribution in the Air-Conditioned Operator’s Cabin of the Stationary Rock Breaker in Underground Mine under Increasing Heat Flux Energies CFD cabin interior cabin air conditioning analysis heat transfer thermal hazard |
| title | CFD Analysis of the Forced Airflow and Temperature Distribution in the Air-Conditioned Operator’s Cabin of the Stationary Rock Breaker in Underground Mine under Increasing Heat Flux |
| title_full | CFD Analysis of the Forced Airflow and Temperature Distribution in the Air-Conditioned Operator’s Cabin of the Stationary Rock Breaker in Underground Mine under Increasing Heat Flux |
| title_fullStr | CFD Analysis of the Forced Airflow and Temperature Distribution in the Air-Conditioned Operator’s Cabin of the Stationary Rock Breaker in Underground Mine under Increasing Heat Flux |
| title_full_unstemmed | CFD Analysis of the Forced Airflow and Temperature Distribution in the Air-Conditioned Operator’s Cabin of the Stationary Rock Breaker in Underground Mine under Increasing Heat Flux |
| title_short | CFD Analysis of the Forced Airflow and Temperature Distribution in the Air-Conditioned Operator’s Cabin of the Stationary Rock Breaker in Underground Mine under Increasing Heat Flux |
| title_sort | cfd analysis of the forced airflow and temperature distribution in the air conditioned operator s cabin of the stationary rock breaker in underground mine under increasing heat flux |
| topic | CFD cabin interior cabin air conditioning analysis heat transfer thermal hazard |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/16/9/3814 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT adamwroblewski cfdanalysisoftheforcedairflowandtemperaturedistributionintheairconditionedoperatorscabinofthestationaryrockbreakerinundergroundmineunderincreasingheatflux AT arkadiuszmacek cfdanalysisoftheforcedairflowandtemperaturedistributionintheairconditionedoperatorscabinofthestationaryrockbreakerinundergroundmineunderincreasingheatflux AT aleksandrabanasiewicz cfdanalysisoftheforcedairflowandtemperaturedistributionintheairconditionedoperatorscabinofthestationaryrockbreakerinundergroundmineunderincreasingheatflux AT sebastiangola cfdanalysisoftheforcedairflowandtemperaturedistributionintheairconditionedoperatorscabinofthestationaryrockbreakerinundergroundmineunderincreasingheatflux AT maciejzawislak cfdanalysisoftheforcedairflowandtemperaturedistributionintheairconditionedoperatorscabinofthestationaryrockbreakerinundergroundmineunderincreasingheatflux AT annajanicka cfdanalysisoftheforcedairflowandtemperaturedistributionintheairconditionedoperatorscabinofthestationaryrockbreakerinundergroundmineunderincreasingheatflux |