Effect of exposed-to-air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis of 9,200 vitrified-warmed transfer cycles
Abstract Background Cryopreservation of embryos plays a major role in the in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment. However, the storage condition of the cryopreserved embryo can change temporarily due to repeated retrieval of the embryo from the liquid nitrogen...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-08-01
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| Series: | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-05879-w |
| _version_ | 1797451103081594880 |
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| author | Huan Zhang Danna Ye Yonggen Wu Yan Li Xuefeng Huang |
| author_facet | Huan Zhang Danna Ye Yonggen Wu Yan Li Xuefeng Huang |
| author_sort | Huan Zhang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cryopreservation of embryos plays a major role in the in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment. However, the storage condition of the cryopreserved embryo can change temporarily due to repeated retrieval of the embryo from the liquid nitrogen (LN2) tank during the practical application during cryopreservation. Whether the implantation potential of a cryopreserved embryo will be damaged when the cane containing it is temporarily exposed to air due to the transfer between the LN2 tank and LN2 container is yet to be elucidated. Also, whether the exposed-to-air frequency (EAF) of cryopreserved embryos influences the clinical outcomes is unclear. Objective To investigate whether the EAF of cryopreserved embryo affects the clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer. Methods A total of 9200 vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles were included in this study. All cycles were divided into five groups according to different EAFs (2, 4, 6, 8, or ≥ 10). Post-warming survival rates and clinical outcomes, including implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were investigated. Kruskal–Wallis test and Pearson’s chi-squared tests were used to compare the patient characteristics and clinical outcomes among the five groups. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association between EAF and clinical outcomes. Results No significant differences were observed in the positive HCG rate, implantation rate and live birth rate (P > 0.05) among five EAF groups with respect to D3 embryo, D5 blastocyst and D6 blastocyst. Post-warmed survival rate of D3 embryos (P = 0.015) differed significantly among the five EAF groups, but it was not EAF-dependent. Although clinical pregnancy was different among the five groups with respect to D5 blastocyst (P = 0.042), multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding variables suggested that EAF did not adversely affect clinical pregnancy or live birth. Conclusion These findings indicated that human vitrified embryos in the open system could be repeatedly retrieved from the LN2 tank without affecting the implantation potential of the embryo. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:50:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21114debc74749019baa7443348ce3a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2393 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T14:50:03Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth |
| spelling | doaj.art-21114debc74749019baa7443348ce3a52023-11-26T14:30:39ZengBMCBMC Pregnancy and Childbirth1471-23932023-08-012311810.1186/s12884-023-05879-wEffect of exposed-to-air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis of 9,200 vitrified-warmed transfer cyclesHuan Zhang0Danna Ye1Yonggen Wu2Yan Li3Xuefeng Huang4Department of Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityDepartment of Reproductive Medical Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityAbstract Background Cryopreservation of embryos plays a major role in the in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment. However, the storage condition of the cryopreserved embryo can change temporarily due to repeated retrieval of the embryo from the liquid nitrogen (LN2) tank during the practical application during cryopreservation. Whether the implantation potential of a cryopreserved embryo will be damaged when the cane containing it is temporarily exposed to air due to the transfer between the LN2 tank and LN2 container is yet to be elucidated. Also, whether the exposed-to-air frequency (EAF) of cryopreserved embryos influences the clinical outcomes is unclear. Objective To investigate whether the EAF of cryopreserved embryo affects the clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer. Methods A total of 9200 vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles were included in this study. All cycles were divided into five groups according to different EAFs (2, 4, 6, 8, or ≥ 10). Post-warming survival rates and clinical outcomes, including implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were investigated. Kruskal–Wallis test and Pearson’s chi-squared tests were used to compare the patient characteristics and clinical outcomes among the five groups. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association between EAF and clinical outcomes. Results No significant differences were observed in the positive HCG rate, implantation rate and live birth rate (P > 0.05) among five EAF groups with respect to D3 embryo, D5 blastocyst and D6 blastocyst. Post-warmed survival rate of D3 embryos (P = 0.015) differed significantly among the five EAF groups, but it was not EAF-dependent. Although clinical pregnancy was different among the five groups with respect to D5 blastocyst (P = 0.042), multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding variables suggested that EAF did not adversely affect clinical pregnancy or live birth. Conclusion These findings indicated that human vitrified embryos in the open system could be repeatedly retrieved from the LN2 tank without affecting the implantation potential of the embryo.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-05879-wEmbryo cryopreservationEAFSurvival rateImplantationLive birth |
| spellingShingle | Huan Zhang Danna Ye Yonggen Wu Yan Li Xuefeng Huang Effect of exposed-to-air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis of 9,200 vitrified-warmed transfer cycles BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth Embryo cryopreservation EAF Survival rate Implantation Live birth |
| title | Effect of exposed-to-air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis of 9,200 vitrified-warmed transfer cycles |
| title_full | Effect of exposed-to-air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis of 9,200 vitrified-warmed transfer cycles |
| title_fullStr | Effect of exposed-to-air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis of 9,200 vitrified-warmed transfer cycles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of exposed-to-air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis of 9,200 vitrified-warmed transfer cycles |
| title_short | Effect of exposed-to-air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis of 9,200 vitrified-warmed transfer cycles |
| title_sort | effect of exposed to air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified warmed embryo transfer cycles a retrospective analysis of 9 200 vitrified warmed transfer cycles |
| topic | Embryo cryopreservation EAF Survival rate Implantation Live birth |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-05879-w |
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