Status of lipid control in Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid-lowering drugs: a multicenter, facility-based, cross-sectional study
Abstract Background Achievement of lipid targets is crucial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Data on lipid-control status among patients with T2DM in Bangladesh are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the lipid-control...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Endocrine Disorders |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-023-01522-z |
| _version_ | 1827590470917685248 |
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| author | Shahjada Selim Muhammad Shah Alam Samir Kumar Talukder Md Lutful Kabir Abu Jar Gaffar Md Ahamedul Kabir Nusrat Zarin Shahin Ibn Rahman Md Masud Un Nabi Marufa Mustari Md Firoj Hossain Ahmed Ifrad Bin Raunak Md Azizul Hoque Md Rashedul Islam Farhana Akter Mohammad Abdul Hannan Mohammad Saifuddin Md Asaduzzaman Mohammad Motiur Rahman Afsar Ahammed Md Abdur Rafi Mohammad Jahid Hasan A. B. M. Kamrul-Hasan |
| author_facet | Shahjada Selim Muhammad Shah Alam Samir Kumar Talukder Md Lutful Kabir Abu Jar Gaffar Md Ahamedul Kabir Nusrat Zarin Shahin Ibn Rahman Md Masud Un Nabi Marufa Mustari Md Firoj Hossain Ahmed Ifrad Bin Raunak Md Azizul Hoque Md Rashedul Islam Farhana Akter Mohammad Abdul Hannan Mohammad Saifuddin Md Asaduzzaman Mohammad Motiur Rahman Afsar Ahammed Md Abdur Rafi Mohammad Jahid Hasan A. B. M. Kamrul-Hasan |
| author_sort | Shahjada Selim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Achievement of lipid targets is crucial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Data on lipid-control status among patients with T2DM in Bangladesh are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the lipid-control status among patients with T2DM who were on lipid-lowering drugs in the country. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the diabetes outpatient departments of several tertiary hospitals in Bangladesh from January 2022 to December 2022. Adults of both sexes diagnosed with T2DM for at least one year and were on the lipid-lowering drug(s) for a minimum of 3 months were included in the study by consecutive sampling. Patients’ data were collected by face-to-face interviews, and blood samples were collected for fasting lipid profile. The lipid target was set at < 200 mg/dL for total cholesterol (TC), < 150 mg/dL for triglyceride (TG), < 100 mg/dL for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), > 40 mg/dL for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and < 160 mg/dL for non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C). Result Three thousand sixty patients (age 44.7 ± 13.3 years, female 57%) with T2DM were evaluated. Overall, almost 81% of the study subjects achieved the LDL-C target. Besides, TC, TG, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C targets were achieved by 40.8, 21.6, 66.3, and 44.1% of patients, respectively. However, all the lipid parameters were under control in only 8.8% of patients. Almost 77.6% of the patients with ischemic heart disease, 81.5% of patients with stroke, and 65% of patients with CKD had LDL levels < 70 mg/dL. Only 10.03% achieved the HbA1c target of < 7%. 7.4% of patients achieved both HbA1c < 7% and LDL < 100 mg/dL and 5% achieved both HbA1c < 7% and LDL < 70 mg/dL. Advanced age (aOR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96, 0.98, p < 0.001), longstanding T2DM (aOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.39, 0.72, p < 0.001), and non-statin therapy (aOR 0.25, 95% CI 0.16, 0.37, p < 0.001) were negatively associated with lipid control (LDL < 100 mg/dL) while using oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin (aOR 2.01, 95% CI 1.45, 2.77, p < 0.001) and having cardiovascular comorbidity (aOR 3.92, 95% CI 3.00, 5.12, p < 0.001) were positively associated with lipid control. Conclusion Though most patients with T2DM achieved their target LDL level, the prevalence of both glycemic and overall lipid control was low in our study despite lipid-lowering therapy. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:17:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-211e821b1737495aa7b5ca24e6fa7831 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6823 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:17:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Endocrine Disorders |
| spelling | doaj.art-211e821b1737495aa7b5ca24e6fa78312023-12-10T12:21:42ZengBMCBMC Endocrine Disorders1472-68232023-12-012311910.1186/s12902-023-01522-zStatus of lipid control in Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid-lowering drugs: a multicenter, facility-based, cross-sectional studyShahjada Selim0Muhammad Shah Alam1Samir Kumar Talukder2Md Lutful Kabir3Abu Jar Gaffar4Md Ahamedul Kabir5Nusrat Zarin6Shahin Ibn Rahman7Md Masud Un Nabi8Marufa Mustari9Md Firoj Hossain10Ahmed Ifrad Bin Raunak11Md Azizul Hoque12Md Rashedul Islam13Farhana Akter14Mohammad Abdul Hannan15Mohammad Saifuddin16Md Asaduzzaman17Mohammad Motiur Rahman18Afsar Ahammed19Md Abdur Rafi20Mohammad Jahid Hasan21A. B. M. Kamrul-Hasan22Department of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical UniversityDepartment of Medicine, Army Medical College CumillaDepartment of Endocrinology, Rangpur Medical CollegeDepartment of Endocrinology, Rangpur Medical CollegeDepartment of Pathology, Naogaon Medical CollegeDepartment of Endocrinology, TMSS Medical CollegeDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangladesh Institute of Health SciencesDepartment of Endocrinology, BIRDEM General HospitalDepartment of Endocrinology, Rajshahi Medical CollegeDepartment of Endocrinology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical UniversityDepartment of Endocrinology, Mugda Medical CollegeDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Mugda Medical College & HospitalDepartment of Endocrinology, Sher-E-Bangla Medical CollegeDepartment of Neurology, BIRDEM General HospitalDepartment of Endocrinology, Chittagong Medical CollegeDepartment of Endocrinology, North East Medical CollegeDepartment of Endocrinology, Dhaka Medical CollegeDepartment of Endocrinology, Shaheed Sheikh Abu Naser Specialized HospitalDepartment of Medicine, Rajshahi Medical College HospitalDepartment of Endocrinology, National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR)Pi Research Development CenterTropical Disease and Health Research CenterDepartment of Endocrinology, Mymensingh Medical CollegeAbstract Background Achievement of lipid targets is crucial in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to mitigate the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Data on lipid-control status among patients with T2DM in Bangladesh are scarce. This study was conducted to determine the lipid-control status among patients with T2DM who were on lipid-lowering drugs in the country. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in the diabetes outpatient departments of several tertiary hospitals in Bangladesh from January 2022 to December 2022. Adults of both sexes diagnosed with T2DM for at least one year and were on the lipid-lowering drug(s) for a minimum of 3 months were included in the study by consecutive sampling. Patients’ data were collected by face-to-face interviews, and blood samples were collected for fasting lipid profile. The lipid target was set at < 200 mg/dL for total cholesterol (TC), < 150 mg/dL for triglyceride (TG), < 100 mg/dL for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), > 40 mg/dL for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and < 160 mg/dL for non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C). Result Three thousand sixty patients (age 44.7 ± 13.3 years, female 57%) with T2DM were evaluated. Overall, almost 81% of the study subjects achieved the LDL-C target. Besides, TC, TG, HDL-C, and non-HDL-C targets were achieved by 40.8, 21.6, 66.3, and 44.1% of patients, respectively. However, all the lipid parameters were under control in only 8.8% of patients. Almost 77.6% of the patients with ischemic heart disease, 81.5% of patients with stroke, and 65% of patients with CKD had LDL levels < 70 mg/dL. Only 10.03% achieved the HbA1c target of < 7%. 7.4% of patients achieved both HbA1c < 7% and LDL < 100 mg/dL and 5% achieved both HbA1c < 7% and LDL < 70 mg/dL. Advanced age (aOR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96, 0.98, p < 0.001), longstanding T2DM (aOR 0.53, 95% CI 0.39, 0.72, p < 0.001), and non-statin therapy (aOR 0.25, 95% CI 0.16, 0.37, p < 0.001) were negatively associated with lipid control (LDL < 100 mg/dL) while using oral hypoglycemic drugs or insulin (aOR 2.01, 95% CI 1.45, 2.77, p < 0.001) and having cardiovascular comorbidity (aOR 3.92, 95% CI 3.00, 5.12, p < 0.001) were positively associated with lipid control. Conclusion Though most patients with T2DM achieved their target LDL level, the prevalence of both glycemic and overall lipid control was low in our study despite lipid-lowering therapy.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-023-01522-zType 2 diabetes mellitusDyslipidemiaHypercholesterolemiaLipid-lowering agentLipid controlGlycemic control |
| spellingShingle | Shahjada Selim Muhammad Shah Alam Samir Kumar Talukder Md Lutful Kabir Abu Jar Gaffar Md Ahamedul Kabir Nusrat Zarin Shahin Ibn Rahman Md Masud Un Nabi Marufa Mustari Md Firoj Hossain Ahmed Ifrad Bin Raunak Md Azizul Hoque Md Rashedul Islam Farhana Akter Mohammad Abdul Hannan Mohammad Saifuddin Md Asaduzzaman Mohammad Motiur Rahman Afsar Ahammed Md Abdur Rafi Mohammad Jahid Hasan A. B. M. Kamrul-Hasan Status of lipid control in Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid-lowering drugs: a multicenter, facility-based, cross-sectional study BMC Endocrine Disorders Type 2 diabetes mellitus Dyslipidemia Hypercholesterolemia Lipid-lowering agent Lipid control Glycemic control |
| title | Status of lipid control in Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid-lowering drugs: a multicenter, facility-based, cross-sectional study |
| title_full | Status of lipid control in Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid-lowering drugs: a multicenter, facility-based, cross-sectional study |
| title_fullStr | Status of lipid control in Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid-lowering drugs: a multicenter, facility-based, cross-sectional study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Status of lipid control in Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid-lowering drugs: a multicenter, facility-based, cross-sectional study |
| title_short | Status of lipid control in Bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid-lowering drugs: a multicenter, facility-based, cross-sectional study |
| title_sort | status of lipid control in bangladeshi subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus on lipid lowering drugs a multicenter facility based cross sectional study |
| topic | Type 2 diabetes mellitus Dyslipidemia Hypercholesterolemia Lipid-lowering agent Lipid control Glycemic control |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12902-023-01522-z |
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