Identification and Pathogenicity of <i>Fusarium</i> Fungi Associated with Dry Rot of Potato Tubers
Dry rot of potato tubers is a harmful disease caused by species of the <i>Fusarium</i> genus. Studies on the composition and features of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. that cause the disease in Russia are limited. Thirty-one <i>Fusarium</i> strains belonging to the <i>...
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/3/598 |
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| author | Olga Gavrilova Aleksandra Orina Ilya Trubin Tatiana Gagkaeva |
| author_facet | Olga Gavrilova Aleksandra Orina Ilya Trubin Tatiana Gagkaeva |
| author_sort | Olga Gavrilova |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Dry rot of potato tubers is a harmful disease caused by species of the <i>Fusarium</i> genus. Studies on the composition and features of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. that cause the disease in Russia are limited. Thirty-one <i>Fusarium</i> strains belonging to the <i>F. sambucinum</i> species complex (FSAMSC) and <i>F. solani</i> species complex (FSSC) were accurately identified using multilocus phylogenetic analysis of the <i>tef</i> and <i>rpb2</i> loci, and their physiological characteristics were studied in detail. As a result, 21 strains of <i>F. sambucinum</i> s. str. and 1 strain of <i>F. venenatum</i> within the FSAMSC were identified. Among the analyzed strains within the FSSC, one strain of <i>F. mori</i>, four strains of <i>F. noneumartii</i>, and two strains of both <i>F. stercicola</i> and <i>F. vanettenii</i> species were identified. This is the first record of <i>F. mori</i> on potato as a novel host plant, and the first detection of <i>F. noneumartii</i> and <i>F. stercicola</i> species in Russia. The clear optimal temperature for the growth of the strains belonging to FSAMSC was noted to be 25 °C, with a growth rate of 11.6–15.0 mm/day, whereas, for the strains belonging to FSSC, the optimal temperature range was between 25 and 30 °C, with a growth rate of 5.5–14.1 mm/day. The distinctive ability of <i>F. sambucinum</i> strains to grow at 5 °C has been demonstrated. All analyzed <i>Fusarium</i> strains were pathogenic to potato cv. Gala and caused extensive damage of the tuber tissue at an incubation temperature of 23 °C for one month. Among the fungi belonging to the FSAMSC, the <i>F. sambucinum</i> strains were more aggressive and caused 23.9 ± 2.2 mm of necrosis in the tubers on average compared to the <i>F. venenatum</i> strain—17.7 ± 1.2 mm. Among the fungi belonging to the FSSC, the <i>F. noneumartii</i> strains were the most aggressive and caused 32.2 ± 0.8 mm of necrosis on average. The aggressiveness of the <i>F. mori</i>, <i>F. stercicola</i>, and especially the <i>F. vanettenii</i> strains was significantly lower: the average sizes of damage were 17.5 ± 0.5 mm, 17.2 ± 0.2 mm, and 12.5 ± 1.7 mm, respectively. At an incubation temperature of 5 °C, only the <i>F. sambucinum</i> strains caused tuber necroses in the range of 6.7 ± 0.5–15.9 ± 0.8 mm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:59:02Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-212015d909484703a2b69c7148f0fcb12024-03-27T13:55:57ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-03-0112359810.3390/microorganisms12030598Identification and Pathogenicity of <i>Fusarium</i> Fungi Associated with Dry Rot of Potato TubersOlga Gavrilova0Aleksandra Orina1Ilya Trubin2Tatiana Gagkaeva3Laboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, 196608 St. Petersburg, RussiaLaboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, 196608 St. Petersburg, RussiaLaboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, 196608 St. Petersburg, RussiaLaboratory of Mycology and Phytopathology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, 196608 St. Petersburg, RussiaDry rot of potato tubers is a harmful disease caused by species of the <i>Fusarium</i> genus. Studies on the composition and features of <i>Fusarium</i> spp. that cause the disease in Russia are limited. Thirty-one <i>Fusarium</i> strains belonging to the <i>F. sambucinum</i> species complex (FSAMSC) and <i>F. solani</i> species complex (FSSC) were accurately identified using multilocus phylogenetic analysis of the <i>tef</i> and <i>rpb2</i> loci, and their physiological characteristics were studied in detail. As a result, 21 strains of <i>F. sambucinum</i> s. str. and 1 strain of <i>F. venenatum</i> within the FSAMSC were identified. Among the analyzed strains within the FSSC, one strain of <i>F. mori</i>, four strains of <i>F. noneumartii</i>, and two strains of both <i>F. stercicola</i> and <i>F. vanettenii</i> species were identified. This is the first record of <i>F. mori</i> on potato as a novel host plant, and the first detection of <i>F. noneumartii</i> and <i>F. stercicola</i> species in Russia. The clear optimal temperature for the growth of the strains belonging to FSAMSC was noted to be 25 °C, with a growth rate of 11.6–15.0 mm/day, whereas, for the strains belonging to FSSC, the optimal temperature range was between 25 and 30 °C, with a growth rate of 5.5–14.1 mm/day. The distinctive ability of <i>F. sambucinum</i> strains to grow at 5 °C has been demonstrated. All analyzed <i>Fusarium</i> strains were pathogenic to potato cv. Gala and caused extensive damage of the tuber tissue at an incubation temperature of 23 °C for one month. Among the fungi belonging to the FSAMSC, the <i>F. sambucinum</i> strains were more aggressive and caused 23.9 ± 2.2 mm of necrosis in the tubers on average compared to the <i>F. venenatum</i> strain—17.7 ± 1.2 mm. Among the fungi belonging to the FSSC, the <i>F. noneumartii</i> strains were the most aggressive and caused 32.2 ± 0.8 mm of necrosis on average. The aggressiveness of the <i>F. mori</i>, <i>F. stercicola</i>, and especially the <i>F. vanettenii</i> strains was significantly lower: the average sizes of damage were 17.5 ± 0.5 mm, 17.2 ± 0.2 mm, and 12.5 ± 1.7 mm, respectively. At an incubation temperature of 5 °C, only the <i>F. sambucinum</i> strains caused tuber necroses in the range of 6.7 ± 0.5–15.9 ± 0.8 mm.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/3/598<i>Fusarium sambucinum</i><i>F. venenatum</i><i>F. noneumartii</i><i>F. mori</i><i>F. stercicola</i><i>F. vanettenii</i> |
| spellingShingle | Olga Gavrilova Aleksandra Orina Ilya Trubin Tatiana Gagkaeva Identification and Pathogenicity of <i>Fusarium</i> Fungi Associated with Dry Rot of Potato Tubers Microorganisms <i>Fusarium sambucinum</i> <i>F. venenatum</i> <i>F. noneumartii</i> <i>F. mori</i> <i>F. stercicola</i> <i>F. vanettenii</i> |
| title | Identification and Pathogenicity of <i>Fusarium</i> Fungi Associated with Dry Rot of Potato Tubers |
| title_full | Identification and Pathogenicity of <i>Fusarium</i> Fungi Associated with Dry Rot of Potato Tubers |
| title_fullStr | Identification and Pathogenicity of <i>Fusarium</i> Fungi Associated with Dry Rot of Potato Tubers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification and Pathogenicity of <i>Fusarium</i> Fungi Associated with Dry Rot of Potato Tubers |
| title_short | Identification and Pathogenicity of <i>Fusarium</i> Fungi Associated with Dry Rot of Potato Tubers |
| title_sort | identification and pathogenicity of i fusarium i fungi associated with dry rot of potato tubers |
| topic | <i>Fusarium sambucinum</i> <i>F. venenatum</i> <i>F. noneumartii</i> <i>F. mori</i> <i>F. stercicola</i> <i>F. vanettenii</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/3/598 |
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