Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa)
Medicinal plants continue to be used alone or in combination with veterinary drugs to treat animal ailments, especially in developing countries where livestock farmers often lack access to modern veterinary services and drugs. In addition, digestive parasitosis remain a major constraint for small ru...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-10-01
|
| Series: | Animals |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/19/2718 |
| _version_ | 1797480925275095040 |
|---|---|
| author | Esaïe Tchetan Pascal Abiodoun Olounladé Erick Virgile Bertrand Azando Hafiz Abdul Khaliq Sergio Ortiz Alban Houngbeme Géorcelin Goué Alowanou Bossima Ivan Koura Guénolé Coovi Akouedegni Marcel Romuald Benjamin Houinato Sylvie Mawule Hounzangbe-Adote Fernand Ahokanou Gbaguidi Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq |
| author_facet | Esaïe Tchetan Pascal Abiodoun Olounladé Erick Virgile Bertrand Azando Hafiz Abdul Khaliq Sergio Ortiz Alban Houngbeme Géorcelin Goué Alowanou Bossima Ivan Koura Guénolé Coovi Akouedegni Marcel Romuald Benjamin Houinato Sylvie Mawule Hounzangbe-Adote Fernand Ahokanou Gbaguidi Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq |
| author_sort | Esaïe Tchetan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Medicinal plants continue to be used alone or in combination with veterinary drugs to treat animal ailments, especially in developing countries where livestock farmers often lack access to modern veterinary services and drugs. In addition, digestive parasitosis remain a major constraint for small ruminant livestock. The objective of this study was to screen the anthelmintic activity of the main plants used in the treatment of the digestive parasitosis of small ruminants in Benin. A total of 40 extracts were prepared using the successive maceration of 10 plants in four solvents of increasing polarity. The phytochemical screening of the plants was performed, and the anthelmintic activity of the extracts was evaluated on L3 larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>. The cytotoxicity of the 40 extracts was determined on WI38 noncancerous fibroblast cells using the MTT assay, and the total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and condensed tannin content (CTC) were quantified in the most effective extracts using colorimetric methods. The results show that the plants contained tannins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids which may, in part, justify their anthelmintic activities. All plants gave active extracts at the highest concentration tested (1200 µg/mL). Methanol (MeOH) extracts were, in general, more effective than the hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM), and aqueous (H<sub>2</sub>O) ones in inhibiting larval migration, with the MeOH extracts of <i>Terminalia leiocarpa</i>, <i>Adansonia digitata</i>, and <i>Momordica charantia</i> being the most effective. Nevertheless, the MeOH extract of <i>M. charantia</i> was highly cytotoxic at the concentration of 100 µg/mL. The anthelmintic activity of <i>M. charantia</i>, <i>Vitex doniana</i>, and <i>Caesalpinia bonduc</i> was studied on <i>H. contortus</i> for the first time. These results provide scientific information that can be used for better valorization of the anthelmintic potential of the studied plants and to initiate the process of the identification of new anthelmintic molecules. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:07:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-212a3b6945cf47d3a7afd5b52f721300 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:07:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-212a3b6945cf47d3a7afd5b52f7213002023-11-23T19:38:46ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-10-011219271810.3390/ani12192718Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa)Esaïe Tchetan0Pascal Abiodoun Olounladé1Erick Virgile Bertrand Azando2Hafiz Abdul Khaliq3Sergio Ortiz4Alban Houngbeme5Géorcelin Goué Alowanou6Bossima Ivan Koura7Guénolé Coovi Akouedegni8Marcel Romuald Benjamin Houinato9Sylvie Mawule Hounzangbe-Adote10Fernand Ahokanou Gbaguidi11Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq12Laboratoire d’Ethnopharmacologie et de Santé Animale, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, BeninLaboratoire d’Ethnopharmacologie et de Santé Animale, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, BeninLaboratoire d’Ethnopharmacologie et de Santé Animale, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, BeninPharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue E. Mounier, B1.72.03, B-1200 Brussels, BelgiumPharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue E. Mounier, B1.72.03, B-1200 Brussels, BelgiumLaboratoire de Chimie Organique et Chimie Pharmaceutique, UFR Pharmacie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 188, BeninLaboratoire d’Ethnopharmacologie et de Santé Animale, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, BeninEcole de Gestion et d’Exploitation des Systèmes d’Elevage, Université Nationale d’Agriculture, Kétou BP 43, BeninLaboratoire d’Ethnopharmacologie et de Santé Animale, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, BeninEcole des Sciences et Techniques de Production Animale, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Abomey-Calavi 01 BP 526, BeninLaboratoire d’Ethnopharmacologie et de Santé Animale, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 526, BeninLaboratoire de Chimie Organique et Chimie Pharmaceutique, UFR Pharmacie, Faculté des Sciences de la Santé, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01 BP 188, BeninPharmacognosy Research Group, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), Avenue E. Mounier, B1.72.03, B-1200 Brussels, BelgiumMedicinal plants continue to be used alone or in combination with veterinary drugs to treat animal ailments, especially in developing countries where livestock farmers often lack access to modern veterinary services and drugs. In addition, digestive parasitosis remain a major constraint for small ruminant livestock. The objective of this study was to screen the anthelmintic activity of the main plants used in the treatment of the digestive parasitosis of small ruminants in Benin. A total of 40 extracts were prepared using the successive maceration of 10 plants in four solvents of increasing polarity. The phytochemical screening of the plants was performed, and the anthelmintic activity of the extracts was evaluated on L3 larvae of <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>. The cytotoxicity of the 40 extracts was determined on WI38 noncancerous fibroblast cells using the MTT assay, and the total phenol content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and condensed tannin content (CTC) were quantified in the most effective extracts using colorimetric methods. The results show that the plants contained tannins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids which may, in part, justify their anthelmintic activities. All plants gave active extracts at the highest concentration tested (1200 µg/mL). Methanol (MeOH) extracts were, in general, more effective than the hexane (HEX), dichloromethane (DCM), and aqueous (H<sub>2</sub>O) ones in inhibiting larval migration, with the MeOH extracts of <i>Terminalia leiocarpa</i>, <i>Adansonia digitata</i>, and <i>Momordica charantia</i> being the most effective. Nevertheless, the MeOH extract of <i>M. charantia</i> was highly cytotoxic at the concentration of 100 µg/mL. The anthelmintic activity of <i>M. charantia</i>, <i>Vitex doniana</i>, and <i>Caesalpinia bonduc</i> was studied on <i>H. contortus</i> for the first time. These results provide scientific information that can be used for better valorization of the anthelmintic potential of the studied plants and to initiate the process of the identification of new anthelmintic molecules.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/19/2718anthelmintic activitymedicinal plants<i>Haemonchus contortus</i>cytotoxicitysecondary metabolites |
| spellingShingle | Esaïe Tchetan Pascal Abiodoun Olounladé Erick Virgile Bertrand Azando Hafiz Abdul Khaliq Sergio Ortiz Alban Houngbeme Géorcelin Goué Alowanou Bossima Ivan Koura Guénolé Coovi Akouedegni Marcel Romuald Benjamin Houinato Sylvie Mawule Hounzangbe-Adote Fernand Ahokanou Gbaguidi Joëlle Quetin-Leclercq Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa) Animals anthelmintic activity medicinal plants <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> cytotoxicity secondary metabolites |
| title | Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa) |
| title_full | Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa) |
| title_fullStr | Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa) |
| title_short | Anthelmintic Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Phytochemical Screening of Plants Used to Treat Digestive Parasitosis of Small Ruminants in Benin (West Africa) |
| title_sort | anthelmintic activity cytotoxicity and phytochemical screening of plants used to treat digestive parasitosis of small ruminants in benin west africa |
| topic | anthelmintic activity medicinal plants <i>Haemonchus contortus</i> cytotoxicity secondary metabolites |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/19/2718 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT esaietchetan anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT pascalabiodounolounlade anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT erickvirgilebertrandazando anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT hafizabdulkhaliq anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT sergioortiz anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT albanhoungbeme anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT georcelingouealowanou anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT bossimaivankoura anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT guenolecooviakouedegni anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT marcelromualdbenjaminhouinato anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT sylviemawulehounzangbeadote anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT fernandahokanougbaguidi anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica AT joellequetinleclercq anthelminticactivitycytotoxicityandphytochemicalscreeningofplantsusedtotreatdigestiveparasitosisofsmallruminantsinbeninwestafrica |