Health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species (Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron) from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers, Nigeria
Ogun and Eleyele Rivers are in the Western part of Nigeria with a potential risk of heavy metal pollution because of many industrial wastes channeling through their courses. Therefore, in this study, the concentration of heavy metals and the possible human health risk of consuming Clarias gariepinus...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Toxicology Reports |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750021001347 |
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| author | Ifeoluwa Peter Adegbola Bukunmi Abiodun Aborisade Adewale Adetutu |
| author_facet | Ifeoluwa Peter Adegbola Bukunmi Abiodun Aborisade Adewale Adetutu |
| author_sort | Ifeoluwa Peter Adegbola |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Ogun and Eleyele Rivers are in the Western part of Nigeria with a potential risk of heavy metal pollution because of many industrial wastes channeling through their courses. Therefore, in this study, the concentration of heavy metals and the possible human health risk of consuming Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron collected from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers in Nigeria were evaluated.The concentration of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) in tissues (gill, muscle, and liver) of fish was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and compared with the maximum permissible. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Targeted Hazard Quotient (THQ), and Carcinogenic Risk (CR) of the metals were estimated for the determination of human health risk. Probabilistic predictions of the health risk were performed with Oracle Crystal Ball software.Results of this study showed that the dry weight concentrations of the metals in the gills, liver, and muscle of the two fish species from the two sites were well below the permissible limits set by the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee. Only the EDI for arsenic in gills of C. gariepinus obtained from the Ogun River exceeded the set limit. The THQ was >1 for As in the gills and liver of C. gariepinus and S. melanotheron obtained from the Ogun river suggesting non-carcinogenic risk to the consumers. The carcinogenic risk above 10−6 obtained for As, Cd, and Ni in the tissues of the two fish species suggested cancer risk to the consumers of fish from the two rivers. Consequent to our observation, consumption of fish from the study site presents some public health concerns. Therefore, this study advises routine heavy metal monitoring of fish along these rivers to implement regulatory standards by the government environmental health management agencies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T20:13:49Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2130660a9881418e8db19e6200774f36 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2214-7500 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T20:13:49Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Toxicology Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-2130660a9881418e8db19e6200774f362022-12-21T18:14:00ZengElsevierToxicology Reports2214-75002021-01-01814451460Health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species (Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron) from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers, NigeriaIfeoluwa Peter Adegbola0Bukunmi Abiodun Aborisade1Adewale Adetutu2Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, NigeriaDepartment of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, NigeriaCorresponding author. Tel.: +2348164441086.; Department of Biochemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, PMB 4000, Ogbomoso, NigeriaOgun and Eleyele Rivers are in the Western part of Nigeria with a potential risk of heavy metal pollution because of many industrial wastes channeling through their courses. Therefore, in this study, the concentration of heavy metals and the possible human health risk of consuming Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron collected from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers in Nigeria were evaluated.The concentration of arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), and lead (Pb) in tissues (gill, muscle, and liver) of fish was measured using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and compared with the maximum permissible. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI), Targeted Hazard Quotient (THQ), and Carcinogenic Risk (CR) of the metals were estimated for the determination of human health risk. Probabilistic predictions of the health risk were performed with Oracle Crystal Ball software.Results of this study showed that the dry weight concentrations of the metals in the gills, liver, and muscle of the two fish species from the two sites were well below the permissible limits set by the joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee. Only the EDI for arsenic in gills of C. gariepinus obtained from the Ogun River exceeded the set limit. The THQ was >1 for As in the gills and liver of C. gariepinus and S. melanotheron obtained from the Ogun river suggesting non-carcinogenic risk to the consumers. The carcinogenic risk above 10−6 obtained for As, Cd, and Ni in the tissues of the two fish species suggested cancer risk to the consumers of fish from the two rivers. Consequent to our observation, consumption of fish from the study site presents some public health concerns. Therefore, this study advises routine heavy metal monitoring of fish along these rivers to implement regulatory standards by the government environmental health management agencies.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750021001347Heavy metalsFishHealth riskBioaccumulationMonte carlo simulation |
| spellingShingle | Ifeoluwa Peter Adegbola Bukunmi Abiodun Aborisade Adewale Adetutu Health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species (Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron) from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers, Nigeria Toxicology Reports Heavy metals Fish Health risk Bioaccumulation Monte carlo simulation |
| title | Health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species (Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron) from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers, Nigeria |
| title_full | Health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species (Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron) from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers, Nigeria |
| title_fullStr | Health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species (Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron) from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers, Nigeria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species (Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron) from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers, Nigeria |
| title_short | Health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species (Clarias gariepinus and Sarotherodon melanotheron) from industrially polluted Ogun and Eleyele Rivers, Nigeria |
| title_sort | health risk assessment and heavy metal accumulation in fish species clarias gariepinus and sarotherodon melanotheron from industrially polluted ogun and eleyele rivers nigeria |
| topic | Heavy metals Fish Health risk Bioaccumulation Monte carlo simulation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214750021001347 |
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