Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Grain Size of Stainless Steel 316L via Metal Powder Injection Molding
The metal powder injection molding process is completed by mixing a metal powder and a binder, performing an injection molding and degreasing process, and then performing a sintering process for high density. The disadvantage of metal powder injection molding is that defects occurring during the pro...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/6/2144 |
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| author | In-Seok Hwang Tae-Yeong So Do-Hoon Lee Chang-Seop Shin |
| author_facet | In-Seok Hwang Tae-Yeong So Do-Hoon Lee Chang-Seop Shin |
| author_sort | In-Seok Hwang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The metal powder injection molding process is completed by mixing a metal powder and a binder, performing an injection molding and degreasing process, and then performing a sintering process for high density. The disadvantage of metal powder injection molding is that defects occurring during the process affect mechanical properties, which are worse in mechanical properties than in products manufactured by cold-rolling. In this study, the mechanical properties and microstructure of stainless steel 316L manufactured by the metal powder injection molding process were analyzed. Mechanical properties such as density, tensile strength, and fatigue life were analyzed. The density was measured using Archimedes’ principle, and a relative density of 94.62% was achieved compared to the theoretical density. The tensile strength was approximately 539.42 MPa and the elongation to fracture was approximately 92%. The fatigue test was performed at 80% of maximum tensile strength and a stress ratio of R = 0.1. The fatigue life was found in 55% (297 MPa) of maximum tensile strength that achieved 10<sup>6</sup> cycles. The microstructure was observed through scanning electron microscope after etching, and as a result, the average grain size was 88.51 μm. Using electron backscatter diffraction, inverse pole figure map, image quality map, and kernel average misorientation map of the specimen were observed in three different areas which were undeformed, uniformly deformed, and deformed. Based on these results, it is expected that research is needed to apply the metal powder injection molding process to the manufacture of agricultural machinery parts with complex shapes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:15:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-213531effb194104bc899abbe4b56f44 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:15:01Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-213531effb194104bc899abbe4b56f442023-11-17T12:18:07ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-03-01166214410.3390/ma16062144Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Grain Size of Stainless Steel 316L via Metal Powder Injection MoldingIn-Seok Hwang0Tae-Yeong So1Do-Hoon Lee2Chang-Seop Shin3Department of Biosystems Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of KoreaIndustrial Materials Processing R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Incheon 21999, Republic of KoreaIndustrial Materials Processing R&D Department, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Incheon 21999, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Biosystems Engineering, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of KoreaThe metal powder injection molding process is completed by mixing a metal powder and a binder, performing an injection molding and degreasing process, and then performing a sintering process for high density. The disadvantage of metal powder injection molding is that defects occurring during the process affect mechanical properties, which are worse in mechanical properties than in products manufactured by cold-rolling. In this study, the mechanical properties and microstructure of stainless steel 316L manufactured by the metal powder injection molding process were analyzed. Mechanical properties such as density, tensile strength, and fatigue life were analyzed. The density was measured using Archimedes’ principle, and a relative density of 94.62% was achieved compared to the theoretical density. The tensile strength was approximately 539.42 MPa and the elongation to fracture was approximately 92%. The fatigue test was performed at 80% of maximum tensile strength and a stress ratio of R = 0.1. The fatigue life was found in 55% (297 MPa) of maximum tensile strength that achieved 10<sup>6</sup> cycles. The microstructure was observed through scanning electron microscope after etching, and as a result, the average grain size was 88.51 μm. Using electron backscatter diffraction, inverse pole figure map, image quality map, and kernel average misorientation map of the specimen were observed in three different areas which were undeformed, uniformly deformed, and deformed. Based on these results, it is expected that research is needed to apply the metal powder injection molding process to the manufacture of agricultural machinery parts with complex shapes.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/6/2144metal powder injection moldingbinder jet printingstainless steel 316Lmechanical propertiesmicrostructure |
| spellingShingle | In-Seok Hwang Tae-Yeong So Do-Hoon Lee Chang-Seop Shin Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Grain Size of Stainless Steel 316L via Metal Powder Injection Molding Materials metal powder injection molding binder jet printing stainless steel 316L mechanical properties microstructure |
| title | Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Grain Size of Stainless Steel 316L via Metal Powder Injection Molding |
| title_full | Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Grain Size of Stainless Steel 316L via Metal Powder Injection Molding |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Grain Size of Stainless Steel 316L via Metal Powder Injection Molding |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Grain Size of Stainless Steel 316L via Metal Powder Injection Molding |
| title_short | Characterization of Mechanical Properties and Grain Size of Stainless Steel 316L via Metal Powder Injection Molding |
| title_sort | characterization of mechanical properties and grain size of stainless steel 316l via metal powder injection molding |
| topic | metal powder injection molding binder jet printing stainless steel 316L mechanical properties microstructure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/6/2144 |
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