Type‐Independent 3D Writing and Nano‐Patterning of Confined Biopolymers
Abstract Biopolymers are essential building blocks that constitute cells and tissues with well‐defined molecular structures and diverse biological functions. Their three‐dimensional (3D) complex architectures are used to analyze, control, and mimic various cells and their ensembles. However, the fre...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Advanced Science |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207403 |
| _version_ | 1797832886693396480 |
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| author | Un Yang Byunghwa Kang Moon‐Jung Yong Dong‐Hwan Yang Si‐Young Choi Jung Ho Je Seung Soo Oh |
| author_facet | Un Yang Byunghwa Kang Moon‐Jung Yong Dong‐Hwan Yang Si‐Young Choi Jung Ho Je Seung Soo Oh |
| author_sort | Un Yang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Biopolymers are essential building blocks that constitute cells and tissues with well‐defined molecular structures and diverse biological functions. Their three‐dimensional (3D) complex architectures are used to analyze, control, and mimic various cells and their ensembles. However, the free‐form and high‐resolution structuring of various biopolymers remain challenging because their structural and rheological control depend critically on their polymeric types at the submicron scale. Here, direct 3D writing of intact biopolymers is demonstrated using a systemic combination of nanoscale confinement, evaporation, and solidification of a biopolymer‐containing solution. A femtoliter solution is confined in an ultra‐shallow liquid interface between a fine‐tuned nanopipette and a chosen substrate surface to achieve directional growth of biopolymer nanowires via solvent‐exclusive evaporation and concurrent solution supply. The evaporation‐dependent printing is biopolymer type‐independent, therefore, the 3D motor‐operated precise nanopipette positioning allows in situ printing of nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and proteins with submicron resolution. By controlling concentrations and molecular weights, several different biopolymers are reproducibly patterned with desired size and geometry, and their 3D architectures are biologically active in various solvents with no structural deformation. Notably, protein‐based nanowire patterns exhibit pin‐point localization of spatiotemporal biofunctions, including target recognition and catalytic peroxidation, indicating their application potential in organ‐on‐chips and micro‐tissue engineering. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:15:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21364610931d44a9aca8359181510da7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2198-3844 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:15:59Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Advanced Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-21364610931d44a9aca8359181510da72023-05-05T09:24:48ZengWileyAdvanced Science2198-38442023-05-011013n/an/a10.1002/advs.202207403Type‐Independent 3D Writing and Nano‐Patterning of Confined BiopolymersUn Yang0Byunghwa Kang1Moon‐Jung Yong2Dong‐Hwan Yang3Si‐Young Choi4Jung Ho Je5Seung Soo Oh6Department of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 South KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 South KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 South KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 South KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 South KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 South KoreaDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) 77 Cheongam‐Ro, Nam‐Gu Pohang Gyeongbuk 37673 South KoreaAbstract Biopolymers are essential building blocks that constitute cells and tissues with well‐defined molecular structures and diverse biological functions. Their three‐dimensional (3D) complex architectures are used to analyze, control, and mimic various cells and their ensembles. However, the free‐form and high‐resolution structuring of various biopolymers remain challenging because their structural and rheological control depend critically on their polymeric types at the submicron scale. Here, direct 3D writing of intact biopolymers is demonstrated using a systemic combination of nanoscale confinement, evaporation, and solidification of a biopolymer‐containing solution. A femtoliter solution is confined in an ultra‐shallow liquid interface between a fine‐tuned nanopipette and a chosen substrate surface to achieve directional growth of biopolymer nanowires via solvent‐exclusive evaporation and concurrent solution supply. The evaporation‐dependent printing is biopolymer type‐independent, therefore, the 3D motor‐operated precise nanopipette positioning allows in situ printing of nucleic acids, polysaccharides, and proteins with submicron resolution. By controlling concentrations and molecular weights, several different biopolymers are reproducibly patterned with desired size and geometry, and their 3D architectures are biologically active in various solvents with no structural deformation. Notably, protein‐based nanowire patterns exhibit pin‐point localization of spatiotemporal biofunctions, including target recognition and catalytic peroxidation, indicating their application potential in organ‐on‐chips and micro‐tissue engineering.https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.2022074033D writingbiopolymersnanoscale confinementsolvent‐exclusive evaporationsub‐micron resolution |
| spellingShingle | Un Yang Byunghwa Kang Moon‐Jung Yong Dong‐Hwan Yang Si‐Young Choi Jung Ho Je Seung Soo Oh Type‐Independent 3D Writing and Nano‐Patterning of Confined Biopolymers Advanced Science 3D writing biopolymers nanoscale confinement solvent‐exclusive evaporation sub‐micron resolution |
| title | Type‐Independent 3D Writing and Nano‐Patterning of Confined Biopolymers |
| title_full | Type‐Independent 3D Writing and Nano‐Patterning of Confined Biopolymers |
| title_fullStr | Type‐Independent 3D Writing and Nano‐Patterning of Confined Biopolymers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Type‐Independent 3D Writing and Nano‐Patterning of Confined Biopolymers |
| title_short | Type‐Independent 3D Writing and Nano‐Patterning of Confined Biopolymers |
| title_sort | type independent 3d writing and nano patterning of confined biopolymers |
| topic | 3D writing biopolymers nanoscale confinement solvent‐exclusive evaporation sub‐micron resolution |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/advs.202207403 |
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