Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy
Tumor progression is mediated by reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which among other factors encompasses the extracellular milieu, immune cells, fibroblasts, and the vascular system. However, the complexity of cancer goes beyond the local...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/6/1677 |
| _version_ | 1797564200627732480 |
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| author | Sabina Sanegre Federico Lucantoni Rebeca Burgos-Panadero Luis de La Cruz-Merino Rosa Noguera Tomás Álvaro Naranjo |
| author_facet | Sabina Sanegre Federico Lucantoni Rebeca Burgos-Panadero Luis de La Cruz-Merino Rosa Noguera Tomás Álvaro Naranjo |
| author_sort | Sabina Sanegre |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tumor progression is mediated by reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which among other factors encompasses the extracellular milieu, immune cells, fibroblasts, and the vascular system. However, the complexity of cancer goes beyond the local interaction of tumor cells with their microenvironment. We are on the path to understanding cancer from a systemic viewpoint where the host macroenvironment also plays a crucial role in determining tumor progression. Indeed, growing evidence is emerging on the impact of the gut microbiota, metabolism, biomechanics, and the neuroimmunological axis on cancer. Thus, external factors capable of influencing the entire body system, such as emotional stress, surgery, or psychosocial factors, must be taken into consideration for enhanced management and treatment of cancer patients. In this article, we review prognostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as their potential evaluation and quantitative analysis. Our overarching aim is to open up new fields of study and intervention possibilities, within the framework of an integral vision of cancer as a functional tissue with the capacity to respond to different non-cytotoxic factors, hormonal, immunological, and mechanical forces, and others inducing stroma and tumor reprogramming. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:53:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21517bb309da42dba97d78d0f6ff5f09 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:53:59Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-21517bb309da42dba97d78d0f6ff5f092023-11-20T04:52:21ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942020-06-01126167710.3390/cancers12061677Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer TherapySabina Sanegre0Federico Lucantoni1Rebeca Burgos-Panadero2Luis de La Cruz-Merino3Rosa Noguera4Tomás Álvaro Naranjo5Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia—INCLIVA Biomedical Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia—INCLIVA Biomedical Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia—INCLIVA Biomedical Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Oncology, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena, 41009 Seville, SpainDepartment of Pathology, Medical School, University of Valencia—INCLIVA Biomedical Health Research Institute, 46010 Valencia, SpainLow Prevalence Tumors, Centro de investigación biomédica en red de cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, SpainTumor progression is mediated by reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which among other factors encompasses the extracellular milieu, immune cells, fibroblasts, and the vascular system. However, the complexity of cancer goes beyond the local interaction of tumor cells with their microenvironment. We are on the path to understanding cancer from a systemic viewpoint where the host macroenvironment also plays a crucial role in determining tumor progression. Indeed, growing evidence is emerging on the impact of the gut microbiota, metabolism, biomechanics, and the neuroimmunological axis on cancer. Thus, external factors capable of influencing the entire body system, such as emotional stress, surgery, or psychosocial factors, must be taken into consideration for enhanced management and treatment of cancer patients. In this article, we review prognostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as their potential evaluation and quantitative analysis. Our overarching aim is to open up new fields of study and intervention possibilities, within the framework of an integral vision of cancer as a functional tissue with the capacity to respond to different non-cytotoxic factors, hormonal, immunological, and mechanical forces, and others inducing stroma and tumor reprogramming.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/6/1677immune therapymetabolismmicrobiotabiomarker discoveryprognostic toolsvitamin D3 |
| spellingShingle | Sabina Sanegre Federico Lucantoni Rebeca Burgos-Panadero Luis de La Cruz-Merino Rosa Noguera Tomás Álvaro Naranjo Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy Cancers immune therapy metabolism microbiota biomarker discovery prognostic tools vitamin D3 |
| title | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
| title_full | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
| title_fullStr | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
| title_short | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
| title_sort | integrating the tumor microenvironment into cancer therapy |
| topic | immune therapy metabolism microbiota biomarker discovery prognostic tools vitamin D3 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/12/6/1677 |
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