Constructing Coupling Model of Generalized B-Spline Curve and Crown (CMGBCC) to Explore the 3D Modeling of Chinese Fir Polymorphism
Crown simulation based on basis spline (b-spline) interpolation is a compatible method to simulate tree polymorphism at present. However, there are two problems when it simulates the crown: the first problem is that the derivative value at the top point needs to be given manually, and the second is...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/6/1267 |
| _version_ | 1797594712857640960 |
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| author | Zeyu Cui Huaiqing Zhang Yang Liu Jing Zhang Tingdong Yang Yuanqing Zuo Kexin Lei |
| author_facet | Zeyu Cui Huaiqing Zhang Yang Liu Jing Zhang Tingdong Yang Yuanqing Zuo Kexin Lei |
| author_sort | Zeyu Cui |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Crown simulation based on basis spline (b-spline) interpolation is a compatible method to simulate tree polymorphism at present. However, there are two problems when it simulates the crown: the first problem is that the derivative value at the top point needs to be given manually, and the second is that the type of value point needs to be collected equidistantly. To solve the above problems and realize convenient and accurate tree polymorphism simulation, this study took Chinese fir as the study object, set the crown morphological feature as the model value point, and constructed a coupling model of generalized B-spline curve and crown (CMGBCC) as the constraint condition of the crown shape to simulate the polymorphism in the process of a tree three-dimensional (3D) model. The position and size of the distribution on the 3D model of the branches were constrained by the curve, and the 3D modeling of a Chinese fir polymorphism was constructed. According to the collection of Chinese fir-type value points in the sample plot, the study realized the detailed types of value points’ precise simulation for three polymorphisms of the Chinese fir crown, including natural pruning, crown displacement, and crown shape difference. At the same time, the different withered existence states of the branches were considered preliminarily. Compared to the 3D model with the field survey data, indicating that constructed models could simulate the difference in tree crown morphology precisely, the branch models were separated by convenience to simulate the process of Chinese fir growth. In the process of construction, CMGBCC did not need to add the derivative value in a manual way and could collect the type of value points according to the characteristics of the crown morphological changes completely. Compared to the results of the crown curve constructed, which were based on generalized B-spline (GB-spline) interpolation and b-spline interpolation, it showed that the number of crown value points collected by the GB-spline interpolation method decreased by 18% on average. The precision of the crown shape constraint was improved by 7.63% compared to b-spline interpolation. The 3D modeling of tree polymorphism was combined with the relationship between tree morphology and environment. At the same time, it was convenient to simulate the behavior of forest management measures, such as pruning. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:27:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2158332886bc42a48394add97eeede7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:27:15Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-2158332886bc42a48394add97eeede7b2023-11-18T10:28:39ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-06-01146126710.3390/f14061267Constructing Coupling Model of Generalized B-Spline Curve and Crown (CMGBCC) to Explore the 3D Modeling of Chinese Fir PolymorphismZeyu Cui0Huaiqing Zhang1Yang Liu2Jing Zhang3Tingdong Yang4Yuanqing Zuo5Kexin Lei6Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaInstitute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaInstitute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaInstitute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaInstitute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaInstitute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaInstitute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, ChinaCrown simulation based on basis spline (b-spline) interpolation is a compatible method to simulate tree polymorphism at present. However, there are two problems when it simulates the crown: the first problem is that the derivative value at the top point needs to be given manually, and the second is that the type of value point needs to be collected equidistantly. To solve the above problems and realize convenient and accurate tree polymorphism simulation, this study took Chinese fir as the study object, set the crown morphological feature as the model value point, and constructed a coupling model of generalized B-spline curve and crown (CMGBCC) as the constraint condition of the crown shape to simulate the polymorphism in the process of a tree three-dimensional (3D) model. The position and size of the distribution on the 3D model of the branches were constrained by the curve, and the 3D modeling of a Chinese fir polymorphism was constructed. According to the collection of Chinese fir-type value points in the sample plot, the study realized the detailed types of value points’ precise simulation for three polymorphisms of the Chinese fir crown, including natural pruning, crown displacement, and crown shape difference. At the same time, the different withered existence states of the branches were considered preliminarily. Compared to the 3D model with the field survey data, indicating that constructed models could simulate the difference in tree crown morphology precisely, the branch models were separated by convenience to simulate the process of Chinese fir growth. In the process of construction, CMGBCC did not need to add the derivative value in a manual way and could collect the type of value points according to the characteristics of the crown morphological changes completely. Compared to the results of the crown curve constructed, which were based on generalized B-spline (GB-spline) interpolation and b-spline interpolation, it showed that the number of crown value points collected by the GB-spline interpolation method decreased by 18% on average. The precision of the crown shape constraint was improved by 7.63% compared to b-spline interpolation. The 3D modeling of tree polymorphism was combined with the relationship between tree morphology and environment. At the same time, it was convenient to simulate the behavior of forest management measures, such as pruning.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/6/1267polymorphism3D model of Chinese firgeneralized B-spline interpolationwithered state of branchnatural pruningcrown displacement |
| spellingShingle | Zeyu Cui Huaiqing Zhang Yang Liu Jing Zhang Tingdong Yang Yuanqing Zuo Kexin Lei Constructing Coupling Model of Generalized B-Spline Curve and Crown (CMGBCC) to Explore the 3D Modeling of Chinese Fir Polymorphism Forests polymorphism 3D model of Chinese fir generalized B-spline interpolation withered state of branch natural pruning crown displacement |
| title | Constructing Coupling Model of Generalized B-Spline Curve and Crown (CMGBCC) to Explore the 3D Modeling of Chinese Fir Polymorphism |
| title_full | Constructing Coupling Model of Generalized B-Spline Curve and Crown (CMGBCC) to Explore the 3D Modeling of Chinese Fir Polymorphism |
| title_fullStr | Constructing Coupling Model of Generalized B-Spline Curve and Crown (CMGBCC) to Explore the 3D Modeling of Chinese Fir Polymorphism |
| title_full_unstemmed | Constructing Coupling Model of Generalized B-Spline Curve and Crown (CMGBCC) to Explore the 3D Modeling of Chinese Fir Polymorphism |
| title_short | Constructing Coupling Model of Generalized B-Spline Curve and Crown (CMGBCC) to Explore the 3D Modeling of Chinese Fir Polymorphism |
| title_sort | constructing coupling model of generalized b spline curve and crown cmgbcc to explore the 3d modeling of chinese fir polymorphism |
| topic | polymorphism 3D model of Chinese fir generalized B-spline interpolation withered state of branch natural pruning crown displacement |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/6/1267 |
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