Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in HV1 and HV2 Regions and 12S rDNA in Perimenopausal Hypertensive Women
Estrogens enhance cellular mitochondrial activity. The diminution of female hormones during menopause may have an effect on the mitochondrial genome and the expression of mitochondrial proteins. Hence, oxidative stress and the pro-inflammatory state contribute to the formation of systemic illnesses...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/3/823 |
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| author | Wojciech Kwaśniewski Aleksandra Stupak Alicja Warowicka Anna Goździcka-Józefiak Jerzy Mosiewicz Jolanta Mieczkowska |
| author_facet | Wojciech Kwaśniewski Aleksandra Stupak Alicja Warowicka Anna Goździcka-Józefiak Jerzy Mosiewicz Jolanta Mieczkowska |
| author_sort | Wojciech Kwaśniewski |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Estrogens enhance cellular mitochondrial activity. The diminution of female hormones during menopause may have an effect on the mitochondrial genome and the expression of mitochondrial proteins. Hence, oxidative stress and the pro-inflammatory state contribute to the formation of systemic illnesses including arterial hypertension (AH). This study aimed to determine the types and frequency of mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) nucleotide sequence in the hypervariable regions 1 and 2 (HV1 and HV2) and the 12S RNA coding sequence of the D-loop in postmenopausal women with hypertension. In our study, 100 women were investigated, 53 of whom were postmenopausal and 47 of whom were premenopausal (53.9 ± 3.7 years vs. 47.7 ± 4.2 years, respectively). Of those studied, 35 premenopausal and 40 postmenopausal women were diagnosed with AH. A medical checkup with 24 h monitoring of blood pressure (RR) and heart rate was undertaken (HR). The polymorphism of the D-loop and 12S rDNA region of mtDNA was examined. Changes in the nucleotide sequence of mtDNA were observed in 23% of the group of 100 women. The changes were identified in 91.3% of HV1 and HV2 regions, 60.9% of HV1 segments, 47.5% of HV2 regions, and 43.5% of 12S rDNA regions. The frequency of nucleotide sequence alterations in mtDNA was substantially higher in postmenopausal women (34%) than in premenopausal women (10.6%), <i>p</i> = 0.016. A higher frequency of changes in HV1 + HV2 sections in postmenopausal women (30.2%) compared to the premenopausal group (10.6%) was detected, <i>p</i> = 0.011. Only postmenopausal women were found to have modifications to the HV2 segment and the 12S rDNA region. After menopause, polymorphism in the mtDNA region was substantially more frequent in women with arterial hypertension than before menopause (<i>p</i> = 0.030; 37.5% vs. 11.5%). Comparable findings were observed in the HV2 and HV1 regions of the AH group (35% vs. 11.5%), <i>p</i> = 0.015, in the HV1 segment (25% vs. 11.5%), <i>p</i> = 0.529, and in the HV2 segment, 12S rDNA (25% vs. 0%). More than 80% of all changes in nucleotide sequence were homoplasmic. The mtDNA polymorphisms of the nucleotide sequence in the HV1 and HV2 regions, the HV2 region alone, and the 12S RNA coding sequence were associated with estrogen deficiency and a more severe course of arterial hypertension, accompanied by symptoms of adrenergic stimulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:53:15Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:53:15Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-21588e21864e4546b5c36ad7e641be1e2023-11-17T09:46:09ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592023-03-0111382310.3390/biomedicines11030823Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in HV1 and HV2 Regions and 12S rDNA in Perimenopausal Hypertensive WomenWojciech Kwaśniewski0Aleksandra Stupak1Alicja Warowicka2Anna Goździcka-Józefiak3Jerzy Mosiewicz4Jolanta Mieczkowska5Gynecology and Oncological Gynecology Department, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, PolandObstetrics and Pregnancy Pathology Department, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Molecular Virology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61-712 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Molecular Virology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, 61-712 Poznan, PolandInternal Diseases Department, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, PolandInternal Diseases Department, Medical University of Lublin, 20-081 Lublin, PolandEstrogens enhance cellular mitochondrial activity. The diminution of female hormones during menopause may have an effect on the mitochondrial genome and the expression of mitochondrial proteins. Hence, oxidative stress and the pro-inflammatory state contribute to the formation of systemic illnesses including arterial hypertension (AH). This study aimed to determine the types and frequency of mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) nucleotide sequence in the hypervariable regions 1 and 2 (HV1 and HV2) and the 12S RNA coding sequence of the D-loop in postmenopausal women with hypertension. In our study, 100 women were investigated, 53 of whom were postmenopausal and 47 of whom were premenopausal (53.9 ± 3.7 years vs. 47.7 ± 4.2 years, respectively). Of those studied, 35 premenopausal and 40 postmenopausal women were diagnosed with AH. A medical checkup with 24 h monitoring of blood pressure (RR) and heart rate was undertaken (HR). The polymorphism of the D-loop and 12S rDNA region of mtDNA was examined. Changes in the nucleotide sequence of mtDNA were observed in 23% of the group of 100 women. The changes were identified in 91.3% of HV1 and HV2 regions, 60.9% of HV1 segments, 47.5% of HV2 regions, and 43.5% of 12S rDNA regions. The frequency of nucleotide sequence alterations in mtDNA was substantially higher in postmenopausal women (34%) than in premenopausal women (10.6%), <i>p</i> = 0.016. A higher frequency of changes in HV1 + HV2 sections in postmenopausal women (30.2%) compared to the premenopausal group (10.6%) was detected, <i>p</i> = 0.011. Only postmenopausal women were found to have modifications to the HV2 segment and the 12S rDNA region. After menopause, polymorphism in the mtDNA region was substantially more frequent in women with arterial hypertension than before menopause (<i>p</i> = 0.030; 37.5% vs. 11.5%). Comparable findings were observed in the HV2 and HV1 regions of the AH group (35% vs. 11.5%), <i>p</i> = 0.015, in the HV1 segment (25% vs. 11.5%), <i>p</i> = 0.529, and in the HV2 segment, 12S rDNA (25% vs. 0%). More than 80% of all changes in nucleotide sequence were homoplasmic. The mtDNA polymorphisms of the nucleotide sequence in the HV1 and HV2 regions, the HV2 region alone, and the 12S RNA coding sequence were associated with estrogen deficiency and a more severe course of arterial hypertension, accompanied by symptoms of adrenergic stimulation.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/3/823mtDNAnucleotide sequencepolymorphismHV1 regionHV2 regionD-loop |
| spellingShingle | Wojciech Kwaśniewski Aleksandra Stupak Alicja Warowicka Anna Goździcka-Józefiak Jerzy Mosiewicz Jolanta Mieczkowska Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in HV1 and HV2 Regions and 12S rDNA in Perimenopausal Hypertensive Women Biomedicines mtDNA nucleotide sequence polymorphism HV1 region HV2 region D-loop |
| title | Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in HV1 and HV2 Regions and 12S rDNA in Perimenopausal Hypertensive Women |
| title_full | Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in HV1 and HV2 Regions and 12S rDNA in Perimenopausal Hypertensive Women |
| title_fullStr | Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in HV1 and HV2 Regions and 12S rDNA in Perimenopausal Hypertensive Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in HV1 and HV2 Regions and 12S rDNA in Perimenopausal Hypertensive Women |
| title_short | Mitochondrial DNA Polymorphism in HV1 and HV2 Regions and 12S rDNA in Perimenopausal Hypertensive Women |
| title_sort | mitochondrial dna polymorphism in hv1 and hv2 regions and 12s rdna in perimenopausal hypertensive women |
| topic | mtDNA nucleotide sequence polymorphism HV1 region HV2 region D-loop |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/11/3/823 |
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