Agronomic and Physiological Performance of the <i>Indica</i> Rice Varieties Differing in Tolerance to Low Phosphorus
Phosphorus (P) deficiency and low P use efficiency (PUE) are limiting factors in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) production. Understanding the agronomic and physiological traits of P-tolerant rice varieties is crucial for improving PUE. However, the agronomic and physiological traits of ri...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| author | Zhiwei Sun Shengfeng Qiao Yuemei Xu Dongling Ji Weiyang Zhang Junfei Gu Kuanyu Zhu Zhiqin Wang Jianhua Zhang Jianchang Yang |
| author_facet | Zhiwei Sun Shengfeng Qiao Yuemei Xu Dongling Ji Weiyang Zhang Junfei Gu Kuanyu Zhu Zhiqin Wang Jianhua Zhang Jianchang Yang |
| author_sort | Zhiwei Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Phosphorus (P) deficiency and low P use efficiency (PUE) are limiting factors in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) production. Understanding the agronomic and physiological traits of P-tolerant rice varieties is crucial for improving PUE. However, the agronomic and physiological traits of rice varieties differing in tolerance to low P have not been fully studied or comprehensively explored. Two varieties with strong tolerance to low P (STVs, low P tolerance index > 0.9) and two with weak tolerance to Low P (WTVs, low P tolerance index < 0.5) were grown hydroponically with normal P level (NP, 8.02 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) and low P level (LP, 0.401 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) in year 2020 and 2021. Results showed that, compared with NP, the LP significantly decreased grain yield, but enhanced P translocation efficiency (PTE), internal P use efficiency (IPE), and P harvest index (PHI) in all the varieties. The STVs showed better performance than the WTVs. Specifically, the STVs exhibited a 131.33% higher grain yield, 15.95% higher PTE, 41.6% higher IPE, and 8.84% higher PHI compared to the WTVs. The STVs also exhibited superior shoot traits, including increased productive tillers, leaf area index (LAI), leaf photosynthetic rate, shoot biomass, contents of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z) and zeatin riboside (ZR) in leaves, non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) remobilization during grain filling, and content of NSC per spikelet, when compared to the WTVs under the LP treatment. Additionally, the STVs demonstrated better root traits, such as higher root biomass, root oxidative activity (ROA), root acid phosphatase (RAP) activity, and greater root IAA and Z + ZR contents. These shoot and root traits exhibited highly positive correlations with grain yield, PTE, and IPE. In conclusion, the STVs maintain higher grain yield and PUE under the LP treatment, due mainly to their improved root and shoot agronomic and physiological traits, which provide valuable references for selecting for P-efficient rice varieties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:09:07Z |
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| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T11:09:07Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-217dc980eeb644118dfef20e5cbce7542024-01-26T14:21:52ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952023-12-011414110.3390/agronomy14010041Agronomic and Physiological Performance of the <i>Indica</i> Rice Varieties Differing in Tolerance to Low PhosphorusZhiwei Sun0Shengfeng Qiao1Yuemei Xu2Dongling Ji3Weiyang Zhang4Junfei Gu5Kuanyu Zhu6Zhiqin Wang7Jianhua Zhang8Jianchang Yang9Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaDepartment of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong 999077, ChinaJiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, ChinaPhosphorus (P) deficiency and low P use efficiency (PUE) are limiting factors in rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) production. Understanding the agronomic and physiological traits of P-tolerant rice varieties is crucial for improving PUE. However, the agronomic and physiological traits of rice varieties differing in tolerance to low P have not been fully studied or comprehensively explored. Two varieties with strong tolerance to low P (STVs, low P tolerance index > 0.9) and two with weak tolerance to Low P (WTVs, low P tolerance index < 0.5) were grown hydroponically with normal P level (NP, 8.02 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) and low P level (LP, 0.401 mg L<sup>−1</sup>) in year 2020 and 2021. Results showed that, compared with NP, the LP significantly decreased grain yield, but enhanced P translocation efficiency (PTE), internal P use efficiency (IPE), and P harvest index (PHI) in all the varieties. The STVs showed better performance than the WTVs. Specifically, the STVs exhibited a 131.33% higher grain yield, 15.95% higher PTE, 41.6% higher IPE, and 8.84% higher PHI compared to the WTVs. The STVs also exhibited superior shoot traits, including increased productive tillers, leaf area index (LAI), leaf photosynthetic rate, shoot biomass, contents of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and zeatin (Z) and zeatin riboside (ZR) in leaves, non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) remobilization during grain filling, and content of NSC per spikelet, when compared to the WTVs under the LP treatment. Additionally, the STVs demonstrated better root traits, such as higher root biomass, root oxidative activity (ROA), root acid phosphatase (RAP) activity, and greater root IAA and Z + ZR contents. These shoot and root traits exhibited highly positive correlations with grain yield, PTE, and IPE. In conclusion, the STVs maintain higher grain yield and PUE under the LP treatment, due mainly to their improved root and shoot agronomic and physiological traits, which provide valuable references for selecting for P-efficient rice varieties.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/1/41rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.)grain yieldphosphorus use efficiencyagronomic and physiological characteristics |
| spellingShingle | Zhiwei Sun Shengfeng Qiao Yuemei Xu Dongling Ji Weiyang Zhang Junfei Gu Kuanyu Zhu Zhiqin Wang Jianhua Zhang Jianchang Yang Agronomic and Physiological Performance of the <i>Indica</i> Rice Varieties Differing in Tolerance to Low Phosphorus Agronomy rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) grain yield phosphorus use efficiency agronomic and physiological characteristics |
| title | Agronomic and Physiological Performance of the <i>Indica</i> Rice Varieties Differing in Tolerance to Low Phosphorus |
| title_full | Agronomic and Physiological Performance of the <i>Indica</i> Rice Varieties Differing in Tolerance to Low Phosphorus |
| title_fullStr | Agronomic and Physiological Performance of the <i>Indica</i> Rice Varieties Differing in Tolerance to Low Phosphorus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Agronomic and Physiological Performance of the <i>Indica</i> Rice Varieties Differing in Tolerance to Low Phosphorus |
| title_short | Agronomic and Physiological Performance of the <i>Indica</i> Rice Varieties Differing in Tolerance to Low Phosphorus |
| title_sort | agronomic and physiological performance of the i indica i rice varieties differing in tolerance to low phosphorus |
| topic | rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) grain yield phosphorus use efficiency agronomic and physiological characteristics |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/14/1/41 |
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