The Immune Cells in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
A still unresolved issue surrounding tumor formation concerns the role that the immune system plays in preventing the formation and progression of neoplasia, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Antitumor immunity has historically been seen as a critical barrier for cancer cells to develop...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/15/3779 |
| _version_ | 1797587000578015232 |
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| author | Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio Khrystyna Zhurakivska Lorenzo Lo Muzio Giuseppe Troiano Nicola Cirillo |
| author_facet | Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio Khrystyna Zhurakivska Lorenzo Lo Muzio Giuseppe Troiano Nicola Cirillo |
| author_sort | Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A still unresolved issue surrounding tumor formation concerns the role that the immune system plays in preventing the formation and progression of neoplasia, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Antitumor immunity has historically been seen as a critical barrier for cancer cells to develop, grow and spread, and this can be modulated using immunotherapies to achieve antitumor clinical responses. However, it has recently become clear that tumor-associated immunity, particularly the inflammatory microenvironment, has the paradoxical effect of enhancing tumorigenesis and progression. In this review, we discuss the multifaceted function of infiltrating immune cells in suppressing or promoting premalignancy and cancer. In particular, we report on the evidence supporting a role for T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils in the development and progression of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and OSCC. We also draw attention to the clinical relevance of immune cell phenotypes and associated molecules for use as biomarkers and to the translatability of current research findings to improve classification systems and precision medicine in patients with OSCC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:30:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-218870f9c4b94e72a760c4e517329d54 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T00:30:06Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-218870f9c4b94e72a760c4e517329d542023-11-18T22:41:19ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942023-07-011515377910.3390/cancers15153779The Immune Cells in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell CarcinomaVito Carlo Alberto Caponio0Khrystyna Zhurakivska1Lorenzo Lo Muzio2Giuseppe Troiano3Nicola Cirillo4Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, ItalyMelbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, AustraliaA still unresolved issue surrounding tumor formation concerns the role that the immune system plays in preventing the formation and progression of neoplasia, including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Antitumor immunity has historically been seen as a critical barrier for cancer cells to develop, grow and spread, and this can be modulated using immunotherapies to achieve antitumor clinical responses. However, it has recently become clear that tumor-associated immunity, particularly the inflammatory microenvironment, has the paradoxical effect of enhancing tumorigenesis and progression. In this review, we discuss the multifaceted function of infiltrating immune cells in suppressing or promoting premalignancy and cancer. In particular, we report on the evidence supporting a role for T lymphocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages, and neutrophils in the development and progression of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMD) and OSCC. We also draw attention to the clinical relevance of immune cell phenotypes and associated molecules for use as biomarkers and to the translatability of current research findings to improve classification systems and precision medicine in patients with OSCC.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/15/3779lymphocytesmacrophagesoral canceroral potentially malignant disorderstumor microenvironmenttumor immunoediting |
| spellingShingle | Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio Khrystyna Zhurakivska Lorenzo Lo Muzio Giuseppe Troiano Nicola Cirillo The Immune Cells in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cancers lymphocytes macrophages oral cancer oral potentially malignant disorders tumor microenvironment tumor immunoediting |
| title | The Immune Cells in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full | The Immune Cells in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_fullStr | The Immune Cells in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Immune Cells in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_short | The Immune Cells in the Development of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma |
| title_sort | immune cells in the development of oral squamous cell carcinoma |
| topic | lymphocytes macrophages oral cancer oral potentially malignant disorders tumor microenvironment tumor immunoediting |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/15/15/3779 |
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