Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin
AHAs are organic acids with one hydroxyl group attached to the alpha position of the acid. AHAs including glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid are often used extensively in cosmetic formulations. AHAs have been used as superficial peeling agents as well as to amelio...
| Main Authors: | , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2018-04-01
|
| Series: | Molecules |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/4/863 |
| _version_ | 1818057977396985856 |
|---|---|
| author | Sheau-Chung Tang Jen-Hung Yang |
| author_facet | Sheau-Chung Tang Jen-Hung Yang |
| author_sort | Sheau-Chung Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | AHAs are organic acids with one hydroxyl group attached to the alpha position of the acid. AHAs including glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid are often used extensively in cosmetic formulations. AHAs have been used as superficial peeling agents as well as to ameliorate the appearance of keratoses and acne in dermatology. However, caution should be exercised in relation to certain adverse reactions among patients using products with AHAs, including swelling, burning, and pruritus. Whether AHAs enhance or decrease photo damage of the skin remains unclear, compelling us to ask the question, is AHA a friend or a foe of the skin? The aim of this manuscript is to review the various biological effects and mechanisms of AHAs on human keratinocytes and in an animal model. We conclude that whether AHA is a friend or foe of human skin depends on its concentration. These mechanisms of AHAs are currently well understood, aiding the development of novel approaches for the prevention of UV-induced skin damage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T12:53:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-218cb6f98e5f4086b7f2845b855459e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T12:53:18Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-218cb6f98e5f4086b7f2845b855459e52022-12-22T01:48:09ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492018-04-0123486310.3390/molecules23040863molecules23040863Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the SkinSheau-Chung Tang0Jen-Hung Yang1Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, TaiwanDepartment of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, TaiwanAHAs are organic acids with one hydroxyl group attached to the alpha position of the acid. AHAs including glycolic acid, lactic acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, and citric acid are often used extensively in cosmetic formulations. AHAs have been used as superficial peeling agents as well as to ameliorate the appearance of keratoses and acne in dermatology. However, caution should be exercised in relation to certain adverse reactions among patients using products with AHAs, including swelling, burning, and pruritus. Whether AHAs enhance or decrease photo damage of the skin remains unclear, compelling us to ask the question, is AHA a friend or a foe of the skin? The aim of this manuscript is to review the various biological effects and mechanisms of AHAs on human keratinocytes and in an animal model. We conclude that whether AHA is a friend or foe of human skin depends on its concentration. These mechanisms of AHAs are currently well understood, aiding the development of novel approaches for the prevention of UV-induced skin damage.http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/4/863alpha-hydroxy acidsUVBapoptosiskeratinocyteglycolic acid |
| spellingShingle | Sheau-Chung Tang Jen-Hung Yang Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin Molecules alpha-hydroxy acids UVB apoptosis keratinocyte glycolic acid |
| title | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
| title_full | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
| title_fullStr | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
| title_short | Dual Effects of Alpha-Hydroxy Acids on the Skin |
| title_sort | dual effects of alpha hydroxy acids on the skin |
| topic | alpha-hydroxy acids UVB apoptosis keratinocyte glycolic acid |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/23/4/863 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sheauchungtang dualeffectsofalphahydroxyacidsontheskin AT jenhungyang dualeffectsofalphahydroxyacidsontheskin |