Positive Selection of a Serine Residue in Bat IRF3 Confers Enhanced Antiviral Protection
Summary: Compared with other mammals, bats harbor more zoonotic viruses per species and do not demonstrate signs of disease on infection with these viruses. To counteract infections with viruses, bats have evolved enhanced mechanisms to limit virus replication and immunopathology. However, molecular...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2020-03-01
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| Series: | iScience |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004220301425 |
| _version_ | 1819076791550083072 |
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| author | Arinjay Banerjee Xi Zhang Alyssa Yip Katharina S. Schulz Aaron T. Irving Dawn Bowdish Brian Golding Lin-Fa Wang Karen Mossman |
| author_facet | Arinjay Banerjee Xi Zhang Alyssa Yip Katharina S. Schulz Aaron T. Irving Dawn Bowdish Brian Golding Lin-Fa Wang Karen Mossman |
| author_sort | Arinjay Banerjee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Summary: Compared with other mammals, bats harbor more zoonotic viruses per species and do not demonstrate signs of disease on infection with these viruses. To counteract infections with viruses, bats have evolved enhanced mechanisms to limit virus replication and immunopathology. However, molecular and cellular drivers of antiviral responses in bats largely remain an enigma. In this study, we demonstrate that a serine residue in IRF3 is positively selected for in multiple bat species. IRF3 is a central regulator of innate antiviral responses in mammals. Replacing the serine residue in bat IRF3 with the human leucine residue decreased antiviral protection in bat cells, whereas the addition of this serine residue in human IRF3 significantly enhanced antiviral protection in human cells. Our study provides genetic and functional evidence for enhanced IRF3-mediated antiviral responses in bats and adds support to speculations that bats have positively selected for multiple adaptations in their antiviral immune responses. : Biological Sciences; Immunology; Evolutionary Biology Subject Areas: Biological Sciences, Immunology, Evolutionary Biology |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:46:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21980b4a25b94f8086c79d06400786ed |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2589-0042 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T18:46:55Z |
| publishDate | 2020-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | iScience |
| spelling | doaj.art-21980b4a25b94f8086c79d06400786ed2022-12-21T18:53:52ZengElsevieriScience2589-00422020-03-01233Positive Selection of a Serine Residue in Bat IRF3 Confers Enhanced Antiviral ProtectionArinjay Banerjee0Xi Zhang1Alyssa Yip2Katharina S. Schulz3Aaron T. Irving4Dawn Bowdish5Brian Golding6Lin-Fa Wang7Karen Mossman8Michael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaDepartment of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaMichael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaMichael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaProgramme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, SingaporeMichael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaDepartment of Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, CanadaProgramme in Emerging Infectious Disease, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, SingaporeMichael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster Immunology Research Centre, Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada; Corresponding authorSummary: Compared with other mammals, bats harbor more zoonotic viruses per species and do not demonstrate signs of disease on infection with these viruses. To counteract infections with viruses, bats have evolved enhanced mechanisms to limit virus replication and immunopathology. However, molecular and cellular drivers of antiviral responses in bats largely remain an enigma. In this study, we demonstrate that a serine residue in IRF3 is positively selected for in multiple bat species. IRF3 is a central regulator of innate antiviral responses in mammals. Replacing the serine residue in bat IRF3 with the human leucine residue decreased antiviral protection in bat cells, whereas the addition of this serine residue in human IRF3 significantly enhanced antiviral protection in human cells. Our study provides genetic and functional evidence for enhanced IRF3-mediated antiviral responses in bats and adds support to speculations that bats have positively selected for multiple adaptations in their antiviral immune responses. : Biological Sciences; Immunology; Evolutionary Biology Subject Areas: Biological Sciences, Immunology, Evolutionary Biologyhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004220301425 |
| spellingShingle | Arinjay Banerjee Xi Zhang Alyssa Yip Katharina S. Schulz Aaron T. Irving Dawn Bowdish Brian Golding Lin-Fa Wang Karen Mossman Positive Selection of a Serine Residue in Bat IRF3 Confers Enhanced Antiviral Protection iScience |
| title | Positive Selection of a Serine Residue in Bat IRF3 Confers Enhanced Antiviral Protection |
| title_full | Positive Selection of a Serine Residue in Bat IRF3 Confers Enhanced Antiviral Protection |
| title_fullStr | Positive Selection of a Serine Residue in Bat IRF3 Confers Enhanced Antiviral Protection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Positive Selection of a Serine Residue in Bat IRF3 Confers Enhanced Antiviral Protection |
| title_short | Positive Selection of a Serine Residue in Bat IRF3 Confers Enhanced Antiviral Protection |
| title_sort | positive selection of a serine residue in bat irf3 confers enhanced antiviral protection |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2589004220301425 |
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