An Integrative Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Foraminiferal Species (Protista, Rhizaria) from the Eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone
The abyssal Pacific Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ) hosts vast, commercially valuable seafloor deposits of polymetallic nodules. Foraminifera (testate protists) dominate benthic communities in this region. Here, we present a taxonomic survey, combining morphological and genetic data and focussing on m...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/11/2038 |
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| author | Oceanne E. Himmighofen Maria Holzmann Inés Barrenechea-Angeles Jan Pawlowski Andrew J. Gooday |
| author_facet | Oceanne E. Himmighofen Maria Holzmann Inés Barrenechea-Angeles Jan Pawlowski Andrew J. Gooday |
| author_sort | Oceanne E. Himmighofen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The abyssal Pacific Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ) hosts vast, commercially valuable seafloor deposits of polymetallic nodules. Foraminifera (testate protists) dominate benthic communities in this region. Here, we present a taxonomic survey, combining morphological and genetic data and focussing on mainly meiofauna-sized Foraminifera from the eastern CCZ. Sequences obtained from >100 specimens, the majority photographically documented, were analysed phylogenetically. Most were single-chambered Monothalamea (‘monothalamids’), a high percentage of them squatters inhabiting empty tests of mainly multi-chambered Foraminifera. The first sequences for the monothalamid genus <i>Storthosphaera</i> were obtained, while specimens assigned to <i>Gloiogullmia, Hippocrepinella</i> and <i>Vanhoeffenella</i> yielded new sequences. Among multichambered taxa, high-throughput Illumina sequencing (HTS) revealed a second haplotype of the calcareous rotaliid <i>Oridorsalis umbonatus</i>, possibly representing a distinct species. Additional HTS sequences were obtained from the rotaliids <i>Nuttallides umbonifer</i> and <i>Globocassidulina subglobosa</i>, confirming their wide distributions. We also obtained the first sequences for <i>Cribrostomoides subglobosa</i>, showing that it branches separately from other members of this genus. The fact that many sequences did not correspond to known morphospecies reflects the scarcity of reference barcodes for deep-sea Foraminifera, particularly the poorly known but highly diverse monothalamids. We recommend using HTS of single specimens to reveal further unknown species. Despite extensive research, much remains to be learnt about the true scale of foraminiferal biodiversity in the CCZ. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:41:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2198e606161a4a7582f92307e1e79955 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:41:46Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-2198e606161a4a7582f92307e1e799552023-11-24T14:50:11ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122023-10-011111203810.3390/jmse11112038An Integrative Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Foraminiferal Species (Protista, Rhizaria) from the Eastern Clarion-Clipperton ZoneOceanne E. Himmighofen0Maria Holzmann1Inés Barrenechea-Angeles2Jan Pawlowski3Andrew J. Gooday4Department of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, SwitzerlandDepartment of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, SwitzerlandDepartment of Genetics and Evolution, University of Geneva, Quai Ernest Ansermet 30, 1211 Geneva 4, SwitzerlandInstitute of Oceanology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 81-712 Sopot, PolandNational Oceanography Centre, European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, UKThe abyssal Pacific Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ) hosts vast, commercially valuable seafloor deposits of polymetallic nodules. Foraminifera (testate protists) dominate benthic communities in this region. Here, we present a taxonomic survey, combining morphological and genetic data and focussing on mainly meiofauna-sized Foraminifera from the eastern CCZ. Sequences obtained from >100 specimens, the majority photographically documented, were analysed phylogenetically. Most were single-chambered Monothalamea (‘monothalamids’), a high percentage of them squatters inhabiting empty tests of mainly multi-chambered Foraminifera. The first sequences for the monothalamid genus <i>Storthosphaera</i> were obtained, while specimens assigned to <i>Gloiogullmia, Hippocrepinella</i> and <i>Vanhoeffenella</i> yielded new sequences. Among multichambered taxa, high-throughput Illumina sequencing (HTS) revealed a second haplotype of the calcareous rotaliid <i>Oridorsalis umbonatus</i>, possibly representing a distinct species. Additional HTS sequences were obtained from the rotaliids <i>Nuttallides umbonifer</i> and <i>Globocassidulina subglobosa</i>, confirming their wide distributions. We also obtained the first sequences for <i>Cribrostomoides subglobosa</i>, showing that it branches separately from other members of this genus. The fact that many sequences did not correspond to known morphospecies reflects the scarcity of reference barcodes for deep-sea Foraminifera, particularly the poorly known but highly diverse monothalamids. We recommend using HTS of single specimens to reveal further unknown species. Despite extensive research, much remains to be learnt about the true scale of foraminiferal biodiversity in the CCZ.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/11/2038benthic foraminiferamonothalamidsbiodiversitysingle-cell barcodingClarion-Clipperton Zoneseabed mining |
| spellingShingle | Oceanne E. Himmighofen Maria Holzmann Inés Barrenechea-Angeles Jan Pawlowski Andrew J. Gooday An Integrative Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Foraminiferal Species (Protista, Rhizaria) from the Eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone Journal of Marine Science and Engineering benthic foraminifera monothalamids biodiversity single-cell barcoding Clarion-Clipperton Zone seabed mining |
| title | An Integrative Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Foraminiferal Species (Protista, Rhizaria) from the Eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone |
| title_full | An Integrative Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Foraminiferal Species (Protista, Rhizaria) from the Eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone |
| title_fullStr | An Integrative Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Foraminiferal Species (Protista, Rhizaria) from the Eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Integrative Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Foraminiferal Species (Protista, Rhizaria) from the Eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone |
| title_short | An Integrative Taxonomic Survey of Benthic Foraminiferal Species (Protista, Rhizaria) from the Eastern Clarion-Clipperton Zone |
| title_sort | integrative taxonomic survey of benthic foraminiferal species protista rhizaria from the eastern clarion clipperton zone |
| topic | benthic foraminifera monothalamids biodiversity single-cell barcoding Clarion-Clipperton Zone seabed mining |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/11/2038 |
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