The number of metabolic abnormalities associated with the risk of gallstones in a non-diabetic population.
<h4>Aim</h4>To evaluate whether metabolic syndrome is associated with gallstones, independent of hepatitis C infection or chronic kidney disease (CKD), in a non-diabetic population.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>A total of 8,188 Chinese adult participants that underwent a self...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2014-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0090310&type=printable |
| _version_ | 1826799126797352960 |
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| author | Chung-Hung Tsai Jin-Shang Wu Yin-Fan Chang Feng-Hwa Lu Yi-Ching Yang Chih-Jen Chang |
| author_facet | Chung-Hung Tsai Jin-Shang Wu Yin-Fan Chang Feng-Hwa Lu Yi-Ching Yang Chih-Jen Chang |
| author_sort | Chung-Hung Tsai |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <h4>Aim</h4>To evaluate whether metabolic syndrome is associated with gallstones, independent of hepatitis C infection or chronic kidney disease (CKD), in a non-diabetic population.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>A total of 8,188 Chinese adult participants that underwent a self-motivated health examination were recruited into the final analysis after excluding the subjects who had a history of cholecystectomy, diabetes mellitus, or were currently using antihypertensive or lipid-lowering agents. Gallstones were defined by the presence of strong intraluminal echoes that were gravity-dependent or that attenuated ultrasound transmission.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 447 subjects (5.5%) had gallstones, with 239 (5.1%) men and 208 (6.0%) women. After adjusting for age, gender, obesity, education level, and lifestyle factors, included current smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and CKD, there was a positive association between metabolic syndrome and gallstones. Moreover, as compared to subjects without metabolic abnormalities, subjects with one, two, and three or more suffered from a 35, 40, and 59% higher risk of gallstones, respectively.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Non-diabetic subjects with metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of gallstones independent of hepatitis C or CKD, and a dose-dependent effect of metabolic abnormalities also exists. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T15:29:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21a8881c639040109da266809783afcb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-17T00:30:08Z |
| publishDate | 2014-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-21a8881c639040109da266809783afcb2025-02-21T05:36:10ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032014-01-0193e9031010.1371/journal.pone.0090310The number of metabolic abnormalities associated with the risk of gallstones in a non-diabetic population.Chung-Hung TsaiJin-Shang WuYin-Fan ChangFeng-Hwa LuYi-Ching YangChih-Jen Chang<h4>Aim</h4>To evaluate whether metabolic syndrome is associated with gallstones, independent of hepatitis C infection or chronic kidney disease (CKD), in a non-diabetic population.<h4>Materials and methods</h4>A total of 8,188 Chinese adult participants that underwent a self-motivated health examination were recruited into the final analysis after excluding the subjects who had a history of cholecystectomy, diabetes mellitus, or were currently using antihypertensive or lipid-lowering agents. Gallstones were defined by the presence of strong intraluminal echoes that were gravity-dependent or that attenuated ultrasound transmission.<h4>Results</h4>A total of 447 subjects (5.5%) had gallstones, with 239 (5.1%) men and 208 (6.0%) women. After adjusting for age, gender, obesity, education level, and lifestyle factors, included current smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and CKD, there was a positive association between metabolic syndrome and gallstones. Moreover, as compared to subjects without metabolic abnormalities, subjects with one, two, and three or more suffered from a 35, 40, and 59% higher risk of gallstones, respectively.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Non-diabetic subjects with metabolic syndrome had a higher risk of gallstones independent of hepatitis C or CKD, and a dose-dependent effect of metabolic abnormalities also exists.https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0090310&type=printable |
| spellingShingle | Chung-Hung Tsai Jin-Shang Wu Yin-Fan Chang Feng-Hwa Lu Yi-Ching Yang Chih-Jen Chang The number of metabolic abnormalities associated with the risk of gallstones in a non-diabetic population. PLoS ONE |
| title | The number of metabolic abnormalities associated with the risk of gallstones in a non-diabetic population. |
| title_full | The number of metabolic abnormalities associated with the risk of gallstones in a non-diabetic population. |
| title_fullStr | The number of metabolic abnormalities associated with the risk of gallstones in a non-diabetic population. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The number of metabolic abnormalities associated with the risk of gallstones in a non-diabetic population. |
| title_short | The number of metabolic abnormalities associated with the risk of gallstones in a non-diabetic population. |
| title_sort | number of metabolic abnormalities associated with the risk of gallstones in a non diabetic population |
| url | https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0090310&type=printable |
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