Perinatal Exposure to Diesel Exhaust-Origin Secondary Organic Aerosol Induces Autism-Like Behavior in Rats
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social communication, poor social interactions, and repetitive behaviors. We aimed to examine autism-like behaviors and related gene expressions in rats exposed to diesel exhaust (DE)-origin secondary organic a...
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MDPI AG
2021-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/538 |
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| author | Tin-Tin Win-Shwe Chaw Kyi-Tha-Thu Yuji Fujitani Shinji Tsukahara Seishiro Hirano |
| author_facet | Tin-Tin Win-Shwe Chaw Kyi-Tha-Thu Yuji Fujitani Shinji Tsukahara Seishiro Hirano |
| author_sort | Tin-Tin Win-Shwe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social communication, poor social interactions, and repetitive behaviors. We aimed to examine autism-like behaviors and related gene expressions in rats exposed to diesel exhaust (DE)-origin secondary organic aerosol (DE-SOA) perinatally. Sprague–Dawley pregnant rats were exposed to clean air (control), DE, and DE-SOA in the exposure chamber from gestational day 14 to postnatal day 21. Behavioral phenotypes of ASD were investigated in 10~13-week-old offspring using a three-chambered social behavior test, social dominance tube test, and marble burying test. Prefrontal cortex was collected to examine molecular analyses including neurological and immunological markers and glutamate concentration, using RT-PCR and ELISA methods. DE-SOA-exposed male and female rats showed poor sociability and social novelty preference, socially dominant behavior, and increased repetitive behavior. Serotonin receptor (5-HT(5B)) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNAs were downregulated whereas interleukin 1 β (IL-β) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) mRNAs were upregulated in the prefrontal cortex of male and female rats exposed to DE-SOA. Glutamate concentration was also increased significantly in DE-SOA-exposed male and female rats. Our results indicate that perinatal exposure to DE-SOA may induce autism-like behavior by modulating molecules such as neurological and immunological markers in rats. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:45:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21af579db698439d94549ac78b837ffd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:45:50Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-21af579db698439d94549ac78b837ffd2023-12-03T12:21:12ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-01-0122253810.3390/ijms22020538Perinatal Exposure to Diesel Exhaust-Origin Secondary Organic Aerosol Induces Autism-Like Behavior in RatsTin-Tin Win-Shwe0Chaw Kyi-Tha-Thu1Yuji Fujitani2Shinji Tsukahara3Seishiro Hirano4Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, JapanDivision of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama City 338-8570, JapanCenter for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, JapanDivision of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama City 338-8570, JapanCenter for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tsukuba 305-8506, JapanAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social communication, poor social interactions, and repetitive behaviors. We aimed to examine autism-like behaviors and related gene expressions in rats exposed to diesel exhaust (DE)-origin secondary organic aerosol (DE-SOA) perinatally. Sprague–Dawley pregnant rats were exposed to clean air (control), DE, and DE-SOA in the exposure chamber from gestational day 14 to postnatal day 21. Behavioral phenotypes of ASD were investigated in 10~13-week-old offspring using a three-chambered social behavior test, social dominance tube test, and marble burying test. Prefrontal cortex was collected to examine molecular analyses including neurological and immunological markers and glutamate concentration, using RT-PCR and ELISA methods. DE-SOA-exposed male and female rats showed poor sociability and social novelty preference, socially dominant behavior, and increased repetitive behavior. Serotonin receptor (5-HT(5B)) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNAs were downregulated whereas interleukin 1 β (IL-β) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) mRNAs were upregulated in the prefrontal cortex of male and female rats exposed to DE-SOA. Glutamate concentration was also increased significantly in DE-SOA-exposed male and female rats. Our results indicate that perinatal exposure to DE-SOA may induce autism-like behavior by modulating molecules such as neurological and immunological markers in rats.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/538diesel exhaustsecondary organic aerosolperinatal exposureautism-like behaviormolecular analysesrat |
| spellingShingle | Tin-Tin Win-Shwe Chaw Kyi-Tha-Thu Yuji Fujitani Shinji Tsukahara Seishiro Hirano Perinatal Exposure to Diesel Exhaust-Origin Secondary Organic Aerosol Induces Autism-Like Behavior in Rats International Journal of Molecular Sciences diesel exhaust secondary organic aerosol perinatal exposure autism-like behavior molecular analyses rat |
| title | Perinatal Exposure to Diesel Exhaust-Origin Secondary Organic Aerosol Induces Autism-Like Behavior in Rats |
| title_full | Perinatal Exposure to Diesel Exhaust-Origin Secondary Organic Aerosol Induces Autism-Like Behavior in Rats |
| title_fullStr | Perinatal Exposure to Diesel Exhaust-Origin Secondary Organic Aerosol Induces Autism-Like Behavior in Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Perinatal Exposure to Diesel Exhaust-Origin Secondary Organic Aerosol Induces Autism-Like Behavior in Rats |
| title_short | Perinatal Exposure to Diesel Exhaust-Origin Secondary Organic Aerosol Induces Autism-Like Behavior in Rats |
| title_sort | perinatal exposure to diesel exhaust origin secondary organic aerosol induces autism like behavior in rats |
| topic | diesel exhaust secondary organic aerosol perinatal exposure autism-like behavior molecular analyses rat |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/2/538 |
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