Cerebellar remodelling decades after spinal cord insult: neuroplasticity in poliomyelitis survivors
Background: The cerebellum integrates a multitude of motor and cognitive processes through ample spinal and supratentorial projections. Despite emerging evidence of adaptive neuroplasticity, cerebellar reorganisation in response to severe spinal insult early in life is poorly characterised. The obje...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IMR Press
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Integrative Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/21/2/10.31083/j.jin2102065 |
| _version_ | 1828278500422844416 |
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| author | Stacey Li Hi Shing Aizuri Murad Jasmin Lope Orla Hardiman Peter Bede |
| author_facet | Stacey Li Hi Shing Aizuri Murad Jasmin Lope Orla Hardiman Peter Bede |
| author_sort | Stacey Li Hi Shing |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The cerebellum integrates a multitude of motor and cognitive processes through ample spinal and supratentorial projections. Despite emerging evidence of adaptive neuroplasticity, cerebellar reorganisation in response to severe spinal insult early in life is poorly characterised. The objective of this study is the systematic characterisation of cerebellar integrity metrics in a cohort of adult poliomyelitis survivors as a template condition for longstanding lower motor neuron injury. Methods: A total of 143 participants, comprising 43 adult poliomyelitis survivors and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited in a prospective, single-centre neuroimaging study with a uniform structural and diffusion imaging protocol. First, standard voxelwise grey and white matter analyses were performed. Then, the cerebellum was anatomically segmented into lobules, and cortical thickness and grey matter volumes were evaluated in each lobule. The integrity of cerebellar peduncles was also assessed based on their diffusivity profiles. Results: Compared to healthy controls, poliomyelitis survivors exhibited greater cortical thickness in lobules I, II, and III in the right hemisphere and in lobules VIIIA and VIIIB bilaterally. A trend of higher cortical thickness was also detected lobules I, II and III in the left hemisphere. Enhanced cerebellar peduncle organisation was detected, particularly within the middle cerebellar peduncles. Conclusions: Increased cerebellar integrity measures in poliomyelitis survivors are primarily identified in lobules associated with sensorimotor functions. The identified pattern of cerebellar reorganisation may represent compensatory changes in response to severe lower motor neuron injury in childhood and ensuing motor disability. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:32:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21bb0d1b734b4343a463ddc55ded6f7d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0219-6352 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T07:32:10Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | IMR Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Integrative Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-21bb0d1b734b4343a463ddc55ded6f7d2022-12-22T02:56:19ZengIMR PressJournal of Integrative Neuroscience0219-63522022-03-0121206510.31083/j.jin2102065S0219-6352(22)00325-4Cerebellar remodelling decades after spinal cord insult: neuroplasticity in poliomyelitis survivorsStacey Li Hi Shing0Aizuri Murad1Jasmin Lope2Orla Hardiman3Peter Bede4Computational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, IrelandComputational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, IrelandComputational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, IrelandComputational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, IrelandComputational Neuroimaging Group, Trinity College Dublin, D02 PN40 Dublin, IrelandBackground: The cerebellum integrates a multitude of motor and cognitive processes through ample spinal and supratentorial projections. Despite emerging evidence of adaptive neuroplasticity, cerebellar reorganisation in response to severe spinal insult early in life is poorly characterised. The objective of this study is the systematic characterisation of cerebellar integrity metrics in a cohort of adult poliomyelitis survivors as a template condition for longstanding lower motor neuron injury. Methods: A total of 143 participants, comprising 43 adult poliomyelitis survivors and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were recruited in a prospective, single-centre neuroimaging study with a uniform structural and diffusion imaging protocol. First, standard voxelwise grey and white matter analyses were performed. Then, the cerebellum was anatomically segmented into lobules, and cortical thickness and grey matter volumes were evaluated in each lobule. The integrity of cerebellar peduncles was also assessed based on their diffusivity profiles. Results: Compared to healthy controls, poliomyelitis survivors exhibited greater cortical thickness in lobules I, II, and III in the right hemisphere and in lobules VIIIA and VIIIB bilaterally. A trend of higher cortical thickness was also detected lobules I, II and III in the left hemisphere. Enhanced cerebellar peduncle organisation was detected, particularly within the middle cerebellar peduncles. Conclusions: Increased cerebellar integrity measures in poliomyelitis survivors are primarily identified in lobules associated with sensorimotor functions. The identified pattern of cerebellar reorganisation may represent compensatory changes in response to severe lower motor neuron injury in childhood and ensuing motor disability.https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/21/2/10.31083/j.jin2102065neuroplasticitycerebellumpoliomyelitismotor neuron diseasemagentic resonance imagingneuroimaging |
| spellingShingle | Stacey Li Hi Shing Aizuri Murad Jasmin Lope Orla Hardiman Peter Bede Cerebellar remodelling decades after spinal cord insult: neuroplasticity in poliomyelitis survivors Journal of Integrative Neuroscience neuroplasticity cerebellum poliomyelitis motor neuron disease magentic resonance imaging neuroimaging |
| title | Cerebellar remodelling decades after spinal cord insult: neuroplasticity in poliomyelitis survivors |
| title_full | Cerebellar remodelling decades after spinal cord insult: neuroplasticity in poliomyelitis survivors |
| title_fullStr | Cerebellar remodelling decades after spinal cord insult: neuroplasticity in poliomyelitis survivors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cerebellar remodelling decades after spinal cord insult: neuroplasticity in poliomyelitis survivors |
| title_short | Cerebellar remodelling decades after spinal cord insult: neuroplasticity in poliomyelitis survivors |
| title_sort | cerebellar remodelling decades after spinal cord insult neuroplasticity in poliomyelitis survivors |
| topic | neuroplasticity cerebellum poliomyelitis motor neuron disease magentic resonance imaging neuroimaging |
| url | https://www.imrpress.com/journal/JIN/21/2/10.31083/j.jin2102065 |
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