Exosomes for Regulation of Immune Responses and Immunotherapy
Exosomes are membrane-enveloped nanosized (30–150 nm) extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin produced by almost all cell types and encompass a multitude of functioning biomolecules. Exosomes have been considered crucial players of cell-to-cell communication in physiological and pathological cond...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nanotheranostics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-845X/3/1/5 |
| _version_ | 1827648224572211200 |
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| author | Md Walid Akram Hussain Sarah Jahangir Bikona Ghosh Farjana Yesmin Afnan Anis Sabikun Nahar Satil Faizan Anwar Mohammad Harun Rashid |
| author_facet | Md Walid Akram Hussain Sarah Jahangir Bikona Ghosh Farjana Yesmin Afnan Anis Sabikun Nahar Satil Faizan Anwar Mohammad Harun Rashid |
| author_sort | Md Walid Akram Hussain |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exosomes are membrane-enveloped nanosized (30–150 nm) extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin produced by almost all cell types and encompass a multitude of functioning biomolecules. Exosomes have been considered crucial players of cell-to-cell communication in physiological and pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes can modulate the immune system by delivering a plethora of signals that can either stimulate or suppress immune responses, which have potential applications as immunotherapies for cancer and autoimmune diseases. Here, we discuss the current knowledge about the active biomolecular components of exosomes that contribute to exosomal function in modulating different immune cells and also how these immune cell-derived exosomes play critical roles in immune responses. We further discuss the translational potential of engineered exosomes as immunotherapeutic agents with their advantages over conventional nanocarriers for drug delivery and ongoing clinical trials. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:34:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21bd5a45ee78499aa421933e4c3f7ea1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2624-845X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:34:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nanotheranostics |
| spelling | doaj.art-21bd5a45ee78499aa421933e4c3f7ea12023-11-24T01:59:10ZengMDPI AGJournal of Nanotheranostics2624-845X2022-03-0131558510.3390/jnt3010005Exosomes for Regulation of Immune Responses and ImmunotherapyMd Walid Akram Hussain0Sarah Jahangir1Bikona Ghosh2Farjana Yesmin3Afnan Anis4Sabikun Nahar Satil5Faizan Anwar6Mohammad Harun Rashid7Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USADhaka Medical College, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDhaka Medical College, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDhaka Medical College, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDhaka Medical College, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, BangladeshDepartment of Health Sciences, California State University-Northridge, Northridge, CA 91330, USADepartment of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USADepartment of Neurology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USAExosomes are membrane-enveloped nanosized (30–150 nm) extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin produced by almost all cell types and encompass a multitude of functioning biomolecules. Exosomes have been considered crucial players of cell-to-cell communication in physiological and pathological conditions. Accumulating evidence suggests that exosomes can modulate the immune system by delivering a plethora of signals that can either stimulate or suppress immune responses, which have potential applications as immunotherapies for cancer and autoimmune diseases. Here, we discuss the current knowledge about the active biomolecular components of exosomes that contribute to exosomal function in modulating different immune cells and also how these immune cell-derived exosomes play critical roles in immune responses. We further discuss the translational potential of engineered exosomes as immunotherapeutic agents with their advantages over conventional nanocarriers for drug delivery and ongoing clinical trials.https://www.mdpi.com/2624-845X/3/1/5exosomesimmunotherapyextracellular vesiclesimmune cells-derived exosomes |
| spellingShingle | Md Walid Akram Hussain Sarah Jahangir Bikona Ghosh Farjana Yesmin Afnan Anis Sabikun Nahar Satil Faizan Anwar Mohammad Harun Rashid Exosomes for Regulation of Immune Responses and Immunotherapy Journal of Nanotheranostics exosomes immunotherapy extracellular vesicles immune cells-derived exosomes |
| title | Exosomes for Regulation of Immune Responses and Immunotherapy |
| title_full | Exosomes for Regulation of Immune Responses and Immunotherapy |
| title_fullStr | Exosomes for Regulation of Immune Responses and Immunotherapy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exosomes for Regulation of Immune Responses and Immunotherapy |
| title_short | Exosomes for Regulation of Immune Responses and Immunotherapy |
| title_sort | exosomes for regulation of immune responses and immunotherapy |
| topic | exosomes immunotherapy extracellular vesicles immune cells-derived exosomes |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2624-845X/3/1/5 |
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