Ash Trees (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) in Urban Greenery as Possible Invasion Gates of Non-Native <i>Phyllactinia</i> Species
Two <i>Phyllactinia</i> species have been associated with powdery mildew on leaves of ash trees (<i>Fraxinus</i>) in Eurasia, <i>Phyllactinia fraxinicola</i> U. Braun & H.D. Shin from Southeast Asia and <i>Phyllactinia fraxini</i> (DC.) Fuss from E...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-02-01
|
| Series: | Forests |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/2/183 |
| _version_ | 1797413636538368000 |
|---|---|
| author | Katarína Pastirčáková Katarína Adamčíková Kamila Bacigálová Miroslav Caboň Petra Mikušová Dušan Senko Marek Svitok Slavomír Adamčík |
| author_facet | Katarína Pastirčáková Katarína Adamčíková Kamila Bacigálová Miroslav Caboň Petra Mikušová Dušan Senko Marek Svitok Slavomír Adamčík |
| author_sort | Katarína Pastirčáková |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Two <i>Phyllactinia</i> species have been associated with powdery mildew on leaves of ash trees (<i>Fraxinus</i>) in Eurasia, <i>Phyllactinia fraxinicola</i> U. Braun & H.D. Shin from Southeast Asia and <i>Phyllactinia fraxini</i> (DC.) Fuss from Europe. Non-native ash trees are planted in urban greeneries in both Europe and Southeast Asia, but so far, the two <i>Phyllactinia</i> species have not been reported from the same area. Our molecular analysis of European material consisting of 55 <i>Phyllactinia</i> specimens from 15 countries confirmed the absence of <i>P. fraxinicola</i> in Europe. In Europe, we confirmed <i>P. fraxini</i> on all three European native ash species and on the introduced Asian ash species, <i>Fraxinus. chinensis</i> ssp. <i>Rhynchophylla</i> (Hance) A.E. Murray and <i>Fraxinus mandshurica</i> Rupr, planted in arboreta. Among the 11 collections examined from Southeast Asia, 3 were identified as <i>P. fraxini</i> and 8 as <i>P. fraxinicola</i>. The environmental niches of the two <i>Phyllactinia</i> species do not show significant overlap in the multidimensional space defined by bioclimatic variables. This suggests that the Asian species <i>P. fraxinicola</i> is not adapted to conditions prevailing in most of Europe and does not represent an invasive threat across the continent. Models of the potential distribution of <i>Phyllactinia</i> species do not overlap in Europe, but there are some areas to the northwest that could be susceptible to invasion by <i>P. fraxinicola</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:21:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21beaf895c2e424f9baf37b6e965fd7c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:21:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-21beaf895c2e424f9baf37b6e965fd7c2023-12-03T12:39:58ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072021-02-0112218310.3390/f12020183Ash Trees (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) in Urban Greenery as Possible Invasion Gates of Non-Native <i>Phyllactinia</i> SpeciesKatarína Pastirčáková0Katarína Adamčíková1Kamila Bacigálová2Miroslav Caboň3Petra Mikušová4Dušan Senko5Marek Svitok6Slavomír Adamčík7Department of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, SK-94901 Nitra, SlovakiaDepartment of Plant Pathology and Mycology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Akademická 2, SK-94901 Nitra, SlovakiaDepartment of Non-Vascular Plants, Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Non-Vascular Plants, Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Non-Vascular Plants, Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Non-Vascular Plants, Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, SlovakiaDepartment of Biology and General Ecology, Faculty of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, SK-96001 Zvolen, SlovakiaDepartment of Non-Vascular Plants, Institute of Botany, Plant Science and Biodiversity Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská Cesta 9, SK-84523 Bratislava, SlovakiaTwo <i>Phyllactinia</i> species have been associated with powdery mildew on leaves of ash trees (<i>Fraxinus</i>) in Eurasia, <i>Phyllactinia fraxinicola</i> U. Braun & H.D. Shin from Southeast Asia and <i>Phyllactinia fraxini</i> (DC.) Fuss from Europe. Non-native ash trees are planted in urban greeneries in both Europe and Southeast Asia, but so far, the two <i>Phyllactinia</i> species have not been reported from the same area. Our molecular analysis of European material consisting of 55 <i>Phyllactinia</i> specimens from 15 countries confirmed the absence of <i>P. fraxinicola</i> in Europe. In Europe, we confirmed <i>P. fraxini</i> on all three European native ash species and on the introduced Asian ash species, <i>Fraxinus. chinensis</i> ssp. <i>Rhynchophylla</i> (Hance) A.E. Murray and <i>Fraxinus mandshurica</i> Rupr, planted in arboreta. Among the 11 collections examined from Southeast Asia, 3 were identified as <i>P. fraxini</i> and 8 as <i>P. fraxinicola</i>. The environmental niches of the two <i>Phyllactinia</i> species do not show significant overlap in the multidimensional space defined by bioclimatic variables. This suggests that the Asian species <i>P. fraxinicola</i> is not adapted to conditions prevailing in most of Europe and does not represent an invasive threat across the continent. Models of the potential distribution of <i>Phyllactinia</i> species do not overlap in Europe, but there are some areas to the northwest that could be susceptible to invasion by <i>P. fraxinicola</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/2/183bioclimatic variablesinvasive fungipowdery mildewsniche analyseshabitat modeling |
| spellingShingle | Katarína Pastirčáková Katarína Adamčíková Kamila Bacigálová Miroslav Caboň Petra Mikušová Dušan Senko Marek Svitok Slavomír Adamčík Ash Trees (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) in Urban Greenery as Possible Invasion Gates of Non-Native <i>Phyllactinia</i> Species Forests bioclimatic variables invasive fungi powdery mildews niche analyses habitat modeling |
| title | Ash Trees (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) in Urban Greenery as Possible Invasion Gates of Non-Native <i>Phyllactinia</i> Species |
| title_full | Ash Trees (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) in Urban Greenery as Possible Invasion Gates of Non-Native <i>Phyllactinia</i> Species |
| title_fullStr | Ash Trees (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) in Urban Greenery as Possible Invasion Gates of Non-Native <i>Phyllactinia</i> Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ash Trees (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) in Urban Greenery as Possible Invasion Gates of Non-Native <i>Phyllactinia</i> Species |
| title_short | Ash Trees (<i>Fraxinus</i> spp.) in Urban Greenery as Possible Invasion Gates of Non-Native <i>Phyllactinia</i> Species |
| title_sort | ash trees i fraxinus i spp in urban greenery as possible invasion gates of non native i phyllactinia i species |
| topic | bioclimatic variables invasive fungi powdery mildews niche analyses habitat modeling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/12/2/183 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT katarinapastircakova ashtreesifraxinusisppinurbangreeneryaspossibleinvasiongatesofnonnativeiphyllactiniaispecies AT katarinaadamcikova ashtreesifraxinusisppinurbangreeneryaspossibleinvasiongatesofnonnativeiphyllactiniaispecies AT kamilabacigalova ashtreesifraxinusisppinurbangreeneryaspossibleinvasiongatesofnonnativeiphyllactiniaispecies AT miroslavcabon ashtreesifraxinusisppinurbangreeneryaspossibleinvasiongatesofnonnativeiphyllactiniaispecies AT petramikusova ashtreesifraxinusisppinurbangreeneryaspossibleinvasiongatesofnonnativeiphyllactiniaispecies AT dusansenko ashtreesifraxinusisppinurbangreeneryaspossibleinvasiongatesofnonnativeiphyllactiniaispecies AT mareksvitok ashtreesifraxinusisppinurbangreeneryaspossibleinvasiongatesofnonnativeiphyllactiniaispecies AT slavomiradamcik ashtreesifraxinusisppinurbangreeneryaspossibleinvasiongatesofnonnativeiphyllactiniaispecies |