Cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a laser frequency stabilized and locked to a reference target gas absorption for drift-free accurate gas sensing measurements
A new gas sensor system with fast response and ultra-high sensitivity has been developed based on a combination of frequency modulation spectroscopy (FMS) and cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). The system consisted of two distributed feedback laser diodes (DFB-LDs) emitting at frequencies 6251.76...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Physics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1238869/full |
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| author | Ying Liu Ying Liu Yabai He Mai Hu Bing Chen Zhenyu Xu Lu Yao Xingping Wang Ruifeng Kan |
| author_facet | Ying Liu Ying Liu Yabai He Mai Hu Bing Chen Zhenyu Xu Lu Yao Xingping Wang Ruifeng Kan |
| author_sort | Ying Liu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A new gas sensor system with fast response and ultra-high sensitivity has been developed based on a combination of frequency modulation spectroscopy (FMS) and cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). The system consisted of two distributed feedback laser diodes (DFB-LDs) emitting at frequencies 6251.761 cm-1 (Laser-1) and 6257.762 cm-1 (Laser-2), respectively. A portion of Laser-1’s output was used by a frequency modulation spectroscopy technique to lock its frequency precisely at a CO2 absorption peak, while the rest of its output was coupled to an optical ring-down cavity, together with the Laser-2 output. The Laser-2 operated at a non-absorbing frequency for real-time correction of any baseline ring-down time drift caused by environmental changes (e.g., temperature, pressure). Laser frequency stabilization achieved a 5-fold improvement in CRDS detection sensitivity. This new system was able to make measurements at a data rate of 9 Hz. Based on Allan deviation analysis, the absorbance detection limit of the system was 4.4 × 10−11 cm-1 at an optimum averaging time of ∼5 s, whereas the time-normalized sensitivity at 1 s was 7.3 × 10−11 cm-1/Hz1/2. Measurements of atmospheric CO2 mole fraction were conducted and demonstrated its good performance and reliability. This sensor will be particularly suitable for making drift-free measurements over long periods, in the fields of environmental and industrial gas sensing. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:03:28Z |
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| id | doaj.art-21c0dbe8f3bd441f93d3a6153a12006e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-424X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T23:03:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-21c0dbe8f3bd441f93d3a6153a12006e2023-07-19T06:36:47ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Physics2296-424X2023-07-011110.3389/fphy.2023.12388691238869Cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a laser frequency stabilized and locked to a reference target gas absorption for drift-free accurate gas sensing measurementsYing Liu0Ying Liu1Yabai He2Mai Hu3Bing Chen4Zhenyu Xu5Lu Yao6Xingping Wang7Ruifeng Kan8Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaGraduate School of Science Island Branch, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, ChinaKey Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaDepartment of Mechanical and Automation Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, ChinaKey Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaKey Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaKey Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaKey Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaKey Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, ChinaA new gas sensor system with fast response and ultra-high sensitivity has been developed based on a combination of frequency modulation spectroscopy (FMS) and cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). The system consisted of two distributed feedback laser diodes (DFB-LDs) emitting at frequencies 6251.761 cm-1 (Laser-1) and 6257.762 cm-1 (Laser-2), respectively. A portion of Laser-1’s output was used by a frequency modulation spectroscopy technique to lock its frequency precisely at a CO2 absorption peak, while the rest of its output was coupled to an optical ring-down cavity, together with the Laser-2 output. The Laser-2 operated at a non-absorbing frequency for real-time correction of any baseline ring-down time drift caused by environmental changes (e.g., temperature, pressure). Laser frequency stabilization achieved a 5-fold improvement in CRDS detection sensitivity. This new system was able to make measurements at a data rate of 9 Hz. Based on Allan deviation analysis, the absorbance detection limit of the system was 4.4 × 10−11 cm-1 at an optimum averaging time of ∼5 s, whereas the time-normalized sensitivity at 1 s was 7.3 × 10−11 cm-1/Hz1/2. Measurements of atmospheric CO2 mole fraction were conducted and demonstrated its good performance and reliability. This sensor will be particularly suitable for making drift-free measurements over long periods, in the fields of environmental and industrial gas sensing.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1238869/fulloptical sensingcavity ring-down spectroscopylaser frequency stabilizationultra-high sensitivitydrift-free measurement |
| spellingShingle | Ying Liu Ying Liu Yabai He Mai Hu Bing Chen Zhenyu Xu Lu Yao Xingping Wang Ruifeng Kan Cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a laser frequency stabilized and locked to a reference target gas absorption for drift-free accurate gas sensing measurements Frontiers in Physics optical sensing cavity ring-down spectroscopy laser frequency stabilization ultra-high sensitivity drift-free measurement |
| title | Cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a laser frequency stabilized and locked to a reference target gas absorption for drift-free accurate gas sensing measurements |
| title_full | Cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a laser frequency stabilized and locked to a reference target gas absorption for drift-free accurate gas sensing measurements |
| title_fullStr | Cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a laser frequency stabilized and locked to a reference target gas absorption for drift-free accurate gas sensing measurements |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a laser frequency stabilized and locked to a reference target gas absorption for drift-free accurate gas sensing measurements |
| title_short | Cavity ring-down spectroscopy with a laser frequency stabilized and locked to a reference target gas absorption for drift-free accurate gas sensing measurements |
| title_sort | cavity ring down spectroscopy with a laser frequency stabilized and locked to a reference target gas absorption for drift free accurate gas sensing measurements |
| topic | optical sensing cavity ring-down spectroscopy laser frequency stabilization ultra-high sensitivity drift-free measurement |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphy.2023.1238869/full |
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