The Impact of the Method of Reclamation of the Coal Ash Dump from the “Adamów” Power Plant on the Survival, Viability, and Wood Quality of the Introduced Tree Species
The aim of this research was to determine the survival rate, dimensions, and wood quality of black locust, ash-leaf maple, common maple, and American ash introduced to the landfill of the “Adamów” Power Plant as part of the reclamation process. The experimental area consisted of 13 research plots. O...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/4/848 |
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| author | Paweł Szadek Marek Pająk Krzysztof Michalec Radosław Wąsik Krzysztof Otremba Michał Kozłowski Marcin Pietrzykowski |
| author_facet | Paweł Szadek Marek Pająk Krzysztof Michalec Radosław Wąsik Krzysztof Otremba Michał Kozłowski Marcin Pietrzykowski |
| author_sort | Paweł Szadek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this research was to determine the survival rate, dimensions, and wood quality of black locust, ash-leaf maple, common maple, and American ash introduced to the landfill of the “Adamów” Power Plant as part of the reclamation process. The experimental area consisted of 13 research plots. On the three plots where the trees were planted directly into the ash, the trees completely collapsed. As a result of this research, it was found that the black locust had the best survival rates, whereas the American ash had the worst. The black locust and ash-leaf maple reached larger sizes on the plots where the ashes were covered with a 50-centimetre layer of sewage sludge (S50) or with a 50-centimetre layer of clay (C50), while the common maple grew the largest on the plots where a 25-centimetre layer of sewage sludge (S25) was used. Our research shows that about 40% of the examined species of wood were of good quality (Q1, Q2), which in the future will make it possible to obtain sawmill raw material. On the other hand, lower quality wood (Q3, Q4), which accounted for over 50% of the assessed wood material, can be successfully used as a biomass for energy purposes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:59:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-21e839a3faae4a0a9b1e25326918674c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:59:48Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Forests |
| spelling | doaj.art-21e839a3faae4a0a9b1e25326918674c2023-11-17T19:18:45ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072023-04-0114484810.3390/f14040848The Impact of the Method of Reclamation of the Coal Ash Dump from the “Adamów” Power Plant on the Survival, Viability, and Wood Quality of the Introduced Tree SpeciesPaweł Szadek0Marek Pająk1Krzysztof Michalec2Radosław Wąsik3Krzysztof Otremba4Michał Kozłowski5Marcin Pietrzykowski6ZE PAK S.A., ul. Kazimierska 45, 62-510 Konin, PolandDepartment of Ecological Engineering and Forest Hydrology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Forest Utilization, Engineering and Forest Techniques, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Forest Utilization, Engineering and Forest Techniques, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, PolandDepartment of Soil Science, Reclamation and Geodesy, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Poznan, ul. Piątkowska 94E, 60-649 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Soil Science, Reclamation and Geodesy, Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Mechanical Engineering, University of Life Sciences in Poznan, ul. Piątkowska 94E, 60-649 Poznań, PolandDepartment of Ecological Engineering and Forest Hydrology, Faculty of Forestry, University of Agriculture in Krakow, al. 29 Listopada 46, 31-425 Kraków, PolandThe aim of this research was to determine the survival rate, dimensions, and wood quality of black locust, ash-leaf maple, common maple, and American ash introduced to the landfill of the “Adamów” Power Plant as part of the reclamation process. The experimental area consisted of 13 research plots. On the three plots where the trees were planted directly into the ash, the trees completely collapsed. As a result of this research, it was found that the black locust had the best survival rates, whereas the American ash had the worst. The black locust and ash-leaf maple reached larger sizes on the plots where the ashes were covered with a 50-centimetre layer of sewage sludge (S50) or with a 50-centimetre layer of clay (C50), while the common maple grew the largest on the plots where a 25-centimetre layer of sewage sludge (S25) was used. Our research shows that about 40% of the examined species of wood were of good quality (Q1, Q2), which in the future will make it possible to obtain sawmill raw material. On the other hand, lower quality wood (Q3, Q4), which accounted for over 50% of the assessed wood material, can be successfully used as a biomass for energy purposes.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/4/848black locustash-leaf maplecommon mapleAmerican ashtree heightDBH |
| spellingShingle | Paweł Szadek Marek Pająk Krzysztof Michalec Radosław Wąsik Krzysztof Otremba Michał Kozłowski Marcin Pietrzykowski The Impact of the Method of Reclamation of the Coal Ash Dump from the “Adamów” Power Plant on the Survival, Viability, and Wood Quality of the Introduced Tree Species Forests black locust ash-leaf maple common maple American ash tree height DBH |
| title | The Impact of the Method of Reclamation of the Coal Ash Dump from the “Adamów” Power Plant on the Survival, Viability, and Wood Quality of the Introduced Tree Species |
| title_full | The Impact of the Method of Reclamation of the Coal Ash Dump from the “Adamów” Power Plant on the Survival, Viability, and Wood Quality of the Introduced Tree Species |
| title_fullStr | The Impact of the Method of Reclamation of the Coal Ash Dump from the “Adamów” Power Plant on the Survival, Viability, and Wood Quality of the Introduced Tree Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Impact of the Method of Reclamation of the Coal Ash Dump from the “Adamów” Power Plant on the Survival, Viability, and Wood Quality of the Introduced Tree Species |
| title_short | The Impact of the Method of Reclamation of the Coal Ash Dump from the “Adamów” Power Plant on the Survival, Viability, and Wood Quality of the Introduced Tree Species |
| title_sort | impact of the method of reclamation of the coal ash dump from the adamow power plant on the survival viability and wood quality of the introduced tree species |
| topic | black locust ash-leaf maple common maple American ash tree height DBH |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/14/4/848 |
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