Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers Applied on Methane–Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: A Preliminary Analysis of Process Heat Balance
One of the main issues that has limited the use of hydrogen as an energy vector for a long time is its low energy density per unit of volume. Alternative chemical storage methods have been developed in recent years to overcome the limitations associated with compressed or liquified hydrogen storage....
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/7/4424 |
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| author | Simone Pedrazzi Manuel Zucchi Alberto Muscio Ahmet Fatih Kaya |
| author_facet | Simone Pedrazzi Manuel Zucchi Alberto Muscio Ahmet Fatih Kaya |
| author_sort | Simone Pedrazzi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One of the main issues that has limited the use of hydrogen as an energy vector for a long time is its low energy density per unit of volume. Alternative chemical storage methods have been developed in recent years to overcome the limitations associated with compressed or liquified hydrogen storage. One of these is the Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC), which utilizes organic hydrocarbons that can capture hydrogen (through an exothermic hydrogenation reaction) and release hydrogen (through an endothermic dehydrogenation reaction). In this paper, a 0D model of an internal combustion engine fueled with a mixture of hydrogen and methane was used to investigate whether the enthalpy of the exhaust gases can balance the heat rate required to self-sustain the dehydrogenation stage. Two LOHC+ compounds were considered, namely, Perhydro-dibenzyltoluene and Perhydro-N-Ethylcarbazole. Four different hydrogen-to-methane ratios were considered, assuming an engine maximum brake power ranging from 500 to 6000 RPM. An energy balance was performed, balancing the dehydrogenation heat rate and the exhaust gas cooling heat rate, in order to establish the minimum temperatures of the exhaust gases required to self-sustain the LOHC+ dehydrogenation. We demonstrated that the minimum exhaust temperatures required to self-sustain the process in different running regimes and at different hydrogen-to-methane ratios are lower than literature and experimental exhaust temperatures. |
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| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T05:42:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-21efad6347204226857b9c374a33d4672023-11-17T16:20:08ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172023-03-01137442410.3390/app13074424Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers Applied on Methane–Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: A Preliminary Analysis of Process Heat BalanceSimone Pedrazzi0Manuel Zucchi1Alberto Muscio2Ahmet Fatih Kaya3H2MORE—Inter-Departmental Center, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 2, 41125 Modena, ItalyDepartment of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, 41125 Modena, ItalyDepartment of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, 41125 Modena, ItalyDepartment of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Vivarelli 10/1, 41125 Modena, ItalyOne of the main issues that has limited the use of hydrogen as an energy vector for a long time is its low energy density per unit of volume. Alternative chemical storage methods have been developed in recent years to overcome the limitations associated with compressed or liquified hydrogen storage. One of these is the Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carrier (LOHC), which utilizes organic hydrocarbons that can capture hydrogen (through an exothermic hydrogenation reaction) and release hydrogen (through an endothermic dehydrogenation reaction). In this paper, a 0D model of an internal combustion engine fueled with a mixture of hydrogen and methane was used to investigate whether the enthalpy of the exhaust gases can balance the heat rate required to self-sustain the dehydrogenation stage. Two LOHC+ compounds were considered, namely, Perhydro-dibenzyltoluene and Perhydro-N-Ethylcarbazole. Four different hydrogen-to-methane ratios were considered, assuming an engine maximum brake power ranging from 500 to 6000 RPM. An energy balance was performed, balancing the dehydrogenation heat rate and the exhaust gas cooling heat rate, in order to establish the minimum temperatures of the exhaust gases required to self-sustain the LOHC+ dehydrogenation. We demonstrated that the minimum exhaust temperatures required to self-sustain the process in different running regimes and at different hydrogen-to-methane ratios are lower than literature and experimental exhaust temperatures.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/7/4424dehydrogenationhydrogenhydrogen storageliquid organic hydrogen carriersPerhydro-dibenzyltoluenePerhydro-N-Ethylcarbazole |
| spellingShingle | Simone Pedrazzi Manuel Zucchi Alberto Muscio Ahmet Fatih Kaya Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers Applied on Methane–Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: A Preliminary Analysis of Process Heat Balance Applied Sciences dehydrogenation hydrogen hydrogen storage liquid organic hydrogen carriers Perhydro-dibenzyltoluene Perhydro-N-Ethylcarbazole |
| title | Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers Applied on Methane–Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: A Preliminary Analysis of Process Heat Balance |
| title_full | Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers Applied on Methane–Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: A Preliminary Analysis of Process Heat Balance |
| title_fullStr | Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers Applied on Methane–Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: A Preliminary Analysis of Process Heat Balance |
| title_full_unstemmed | Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers Applied on Methane–Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: A Preliminary Analysis of Process Heat Balance |
| title_short | Liquid Organic Hydrogen Carriers Applied on Methane–Hydrogen-Fueled Internal Combustion Engines: A Preliminary Analysis of Process Heat Balance |
| title_sort | liquid organic hydrogen carriers applied on methane hydrogen fueled internal combustion engines a preliminary analysis of process heat balance |
| topic | dehydrogenation hydrogen hydrogen storage liquid organic hydrogen carriers Perhydro-dibenzyltoluene Perhydro-N-Ethylcarbazole |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/7/4424 |
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