<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> eIF-5A Modulates the Immune Response of Murine Macrophages In Vitro

<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>) is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can elicit a robust immune response during infection. Macrophage cells have been shown to play an important role in the immune response against <i>T. gondii</i>. In our previou...

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Main Authors: Xinchao Liu, Xiaoyu Li, Chunjing Li, Mingmin Lu, Lixin Xu, Ruofeng Yan, Xiaokai Song, Xiangrui Li
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2024-01-01
Series:Vaccines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/1/101
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author Xinchao Liu
Xiaoyu Li
Chunjing Li
Mingmin Lu
Lixin Xu
Ruofeng Yan
Xiaokai Song
Xiangrui Li
author_facet Xinchao Liu
Xiaoyu Li
Chunjing Li
Mingmin Lu
Lixin Xu
Ruofeng Yan
Xiaokai Song
Xiangrui Li
author_sort Xinchao Liu
collection DOAJ
description <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>) is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can elicit a robust immune response during infection. Macrophage cells have been shown to play an important role in the immune response against <i>T. gondii</i>. In our previous study, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A) gene of <i>T. gondii</i> was found to influence the invasion and replication of tachyzoites. In this study, the recombinant protein of <i>T. gondii</i> eIF-5A (r<i>Tg</i>eIF-5A) was incubated with murine macrophages, and the regulatory effect of <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A on macrophages was characterized. Immunofluorescence assay showed that <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A was able to bind to macrophages and partially be internalized. The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) level and chemotaxis of macrophages stimulated with <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A were reduced. However, the phagocytosis and apoptosis of macrophages were amplified by <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A. Meanwhile, the cell viability experiment indicated that <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A can promote the viability of macrophages, and in the secretion assays, <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A can induce the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) from macrophages. These findings demonstrate that eIF-5A of <i>T. gondii</i> can modulate the immune response of murine macrophages in vitro, which may provide a reference for further research on developing <i>T. gondii</i> vaccines.
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spelling doaj.art-21f8c9f06eac4344958c53e0e821ea732024-01-29T14:26:10ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2024-01-0112110110.3390/vaccines12010101<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> eIF-5A Modulates the Immune Response of Murine Macrophages In VitroXinchao Liu0Xiaoyu Li1Chunjing Li2Mingmin Lu3Lixin Xu4Ruofeng Yan5Xiaokai Song6Xiangrui Li7Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, Fengyang 233100, ChinaMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaMOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> (<i>T. gondii</i>) is an obligate intracellular protozoan that can elicit a robust immune response during infection. Macrophage cells have been shown to play an important role in the immune response against <i>T. gondii</i>. In our previous study, the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF-5A) gene of <i>T. gondii</i> was found to influence the invasion and replication of tachyzoites. In this study, the recombinant protein of <i>T. gondii</i> eIF-5A (r<i>Tg</i>eIF-5A) was incubated with murine macrophages, and the regulatory effect of <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A on macrophages was characterized. Immunofluorescence assay showed that <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A was able to bind to macrophages and partially be internalized. The Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) level and chemotaxis of macrophages stimulated with <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A were reduced. However, the phagocytosis and apoptosis of macrophages were amplified by <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A. Meanwhile, the cell viability experiment indicated that <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A can promote the viability of macrophages, and in the secretion assays, <i>Tg</i>eIF-5A can induce the secretion of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) from macrophages. These findings demonstrate that eIF-5A of <i>T. gondii</i> can modulate the immune response of murine macrophages in vitro, which may provide a reference for further research on developing <i>T. gondii</i> vaccines.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/1/101<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5Aimmune responsemacrophagesin vitro
spellingShingle Xinchao Liu
Xiaoyu Li
Chunjing Li
Mingmin Lu
Lixin Xu
Ruofeng Yan
Xiaokai Song
Xiangrui Li
<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> eIF-5A Modulates the Immune Response of Murine Macrophages In Vitro
Vaccines
<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A
immune response
macrophages
in vitro
title <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> eIF-5A Modulates the Immune Response of Murine Macrophages In Vitro
title_full <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> eIF-5A Modulates the Immune Response of Murine Macrophages In Vitro
title_fullStr <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> eIF-5A Modulates the Immune Response of Murine Macrophages In Vitro
title_full_unstemmed <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> eIF-5A Modulates the Immune Response of Murine Macrophages In Vitro
title_short <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> eIF-5A Modulates the Immune Response of Murine Macrophages In Vitro
title_sort i toxoplasma gondii i eif 5a modulates the immune response of murine macrophages in vitro
topic <i>Toxoplasma gondii</i>
eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A
immune response
macrophages
in vitro
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/12/1/101
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