An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity
Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a tropical fruit claimed to have medicinal properties associated with its content of phenolic compounds (TPC). The aim of the study was to compare water with several organic solvents (acetone, butanol, methanol and 80% ethanol) for its efficiency at extractin...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2014-12-01
|
| Series: | Antioxidants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/3/4/814 |
| _version_ | 1797758212482531328 |
|---|---|
| author | Sing Pei Tan Costas Stathopoulos Sophie Parks Paul Roach |
| author_facet | Sing Pei Tan Costas Stathopoulos Sophie Parks Paul Roach |
| author_sort | Sing Pei Tan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a tropical fruit claimed to have medicinal properties associated with its content of phenolic compounds (TPC). The aim of the study was to compare water with several organic solvents (acetone, butanol, methanol and 80% ethanol) for its efficiency at extracting the TPC from freeze-dried bitter melon powder. The TPC of the extracts was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and their antioxidant capacity (AC) was evaluated using three assays. Before optimisation, the TPC and AC of the aqueous extract were 63% and 20% lower, respectively, than for the best organic solvent, 80% ethanol. However, after optimising for temperature (80 °C), time (5 min), water-to-powder ratio (40:1 mL/g), particle size (1 mm) and the number of extractions of the same sample (1×), the TPC and the AC of the aqueous extract were equal or higher than for 80% ethanol. Furthermore, less solvent (40 mL water/g) and less time (5 min) were needed than was used for the 80% ethanol extract (100 mL/g for 1 h). Therefore, this study provides evidence to recommend the use of water as the solvent of choice for the extraction of the phenolic compounds and their associated antioxidant activities from bitter melon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T18:26:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-220f0f8c7447407ab446f9b4473add9b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T18:26:47Z |
| publishDate | 2014-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-220f0f8c7447407ab446f9b4473add9b2023-08-02T08:30:11ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212014-12-013481482910.3390/antiox3040814antiox3040814An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant CapacitySing Pei Tan0Costas Stathopoulos1Sophie Parks2Paul Roach3School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, AustraliaFaculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University Global Campus, Incheon 406-840, KoreaSchool of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, AustraliaSchool of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Ourimbah, NSW 2258, AustraliaBitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a tropical fruit claimed to have medicinal properties associated with its content of phenolic compounds (TPC). The aim of the study was to compare water with several organic solvents (acetone, butanol, methanol and 80% ethanol) for its efficiency at extracting the TPC from freeze-dried bitter melon powder. The TPC of the extracts was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent and their antioxidant capacity (AC) was evaluated using three assays. Before optimisation, the TPC and AC of the aqueous extract were 63% and 20% lower, respectively, than for the best organic solvent, 80% ethanol. However, after optimising for temperature (80 °C), time (5 min), water-to-powder ratio (40:1 mL/g), particle size (1 mm) and the number of extractions of the same sample (1×), the TPC and the AC of the aqueous extract were equal or higher than for 80% ethanol. Furthermore, less solvent (40 mL water/g) and less time (5 min) were needed than was used for the 80% ethanol extract (100 mL/g for 1 h). Therefore, this study provides evidence to recommend the use of water as the solvent of choice for the extraction of the phenolic compounds and their associated antioxidant activities from bitter melon.http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/3/4/814bitter melonphenolic compoundsantioxidant capacityaqueous extractionorganic solvents |
| spellingShingle | Sing Pei Tan Costas Stathopoulos Sophie Parks Paul Roach An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity Antioxidants bitter melon phenolic compounds antioxidant capacity aqueous extraction organic solvents |
| title | An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_full | An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_fullStr | An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_full_unstemmed | An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_short | An Optimised Aqueous Extract of Phenolic Compounds from Bitter Melon with High Antioxidant Capacity |
| title_sort | optimised aqueous extract of phenolic compounds from bitter melon with high antioxidant capacity |
| topic | bitter melon phenolic compounds antioxidant capacity aqueous extraction organic solvents |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/3/4/814 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT singpeitan anoptimisedaqueousextractofphenoliccompoundsfrombittermelonwithhighantioxidantcapacity AT costasstathopoulos anoptimisedaqueousextractofphenoliccompoundsfrombittermelonwithhighantioxidantcapacity AT sophieparks anoptimisedaqueousextractofphenoliccompoundsfrombittermelonwithhighantioxidantcapacity AT paulroach anoptimisedaqueousextractofphenoliccompoundsfrombittermelonwithhighantioxidantcapacity AT singpeitan optimisedaqueousextractofphenoliccompoundsfrombittermelonwithhighantioxidantcapacity AT costasstathopoulos optimisedaqueousextractofphenoliccompoundsfrombittermelonwithhighantioxidantcapacity AT sophieparks optimisedaqueousextractofphenoliccompoundsfrombittermelonwithhighantioxidantcapacity AT paulroach optimisedaqueousextractofphenoliccompoundsfrombittermelonwithhighantioxidantcapacity |