Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection
While waning immunity and SARS-CoV-2 variant immune escape continue to result in high infection rates worldwide, associations between longitudinal quantitative, qualitative, and functional humoral immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection remain unclear. In this study, we found significant waning...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2022-11-01
|
| Series: | Heliyon |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022029644 |
| _version_ | 1798014471210270720 |
|---|---|
| author | Jonathon M. Monroe Iana H. Haralambieva Nathaniel D. Warner Diane E. Grill Huy Quang Quach Richard B. Kennedy |
| author_facet | Jonathon M. Monroe Iana H. Haralambieva Nathaniel D. Warner Diane E. Grill Huy Quang Quach Richard B. Kennedy |
| author_sort | Jonathon M. Monroe |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | While waning immunity and SARS-CoV-2 variant immune escape continue to result in high infection rates worldwide, associations between longitudinal quantitative, qualitative, and functional humoral immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection remain unclear. In this study, we found significant waning of antibody against Spike S1 (R = −0.32, p = 0.035) and N protein (R = −0.39, p = 0.008), while RBD antibody moderately decreased (R = −0.19, p = 0.203). Likewise, neutralizing antibody titer (ND50) waned over time (R = −0.46, p = 0.001). In contrast, antibody avidity increased significantly over time for Spike S1 (R = 0.62, p = 6.0e−06), RBD (R = 0.54, p = 2.0e−04), and N (R = 0.33, p = 0.025) antibodies. Across all humoral responses, ND50 strongly associated with Spike S1 (R = 0.85, p = 2.7e−13) and RBD (R = 0.78, p = 2.9e−10) antibodies. Our findings provide longitudinal insight into humoral immune responses after infection and imply the potential of Spike S1/RBD antibody titer as surrogate correlates of protection. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T15:18:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-2211a61d97b945299d59418e7bdc7c70 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T15:18:56Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj.art-2211a61d97b945299d59418e7bdc7c702022-12-22T04:16:25ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402022-11-01811e11676Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infectionJonathon M. Monroe0Iana H. Haralambieva1Nathaniel D. Warner2Diane E. Grill3Huy Quang Quach4Richard B. Kennedy5Mayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USAMayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USADepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USADepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USAMayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USAMayo Clinic Vaccine Research Group, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA; Corresponding author.While waning immunity and SARS-CoV-2 variant immune escape continue to result in high infection rates worldwide, associations between longitudinal quantitative, qualitative, and functional humoral immune responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection remain unclear. In this study, we found significant waning of antibody against Spike S1 (R = −0.32, p = 0.035) and N protein (R = −0.39, p = 0.008), while RBD antibody moderately decreased (R = −0.19, p = 0.203). Likewise, neutralizing antibody titer (ND50) waned over time (R = −0.46, p = 0.001). In contrast, antibody avidity increased significantly over time for Spike S1 (R = 0.62, p = 6.0e−06), RBD (R = 0.54, p = 2.0e−04), and N (R = 0.33, p = 0.025) antibodies. Across all humoral responses, ND50 strongly associated with Spike S1 (R = 0.85, p = 2.7e−13) and RBD (R = 0.78, p = 2.9e−10) antibodies. Our findings provide longitudinal insight into humoral immune responses after infection and imply the potential of Spike S1/RBD antibody titer as surrogate correlates of protection.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022029644SARS-CoV-2COVID-19Antibody avidityNeutralizationHumoral immunityLongitudinal immunity |
| spellingShingle | Jonathon M. Monroe Iana H. Haralambieva Nathaniel D. Warner Diane E. Grill Huy Quang Quach Richard B. Kennedy Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection Heliyon SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Antibody avidity Neutralization Humoral immunity Longitudinal immunity |
| title | Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_full | Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_fullStr | Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_short | Longitudinal antibody titer, avidity, and neutralizing responses after SARS-CoV-2 infection |
| title_sort | longitudinal antibody titer avidity and neutralizing responses after sars cov 2 infection |
| topic | SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Antibody avidity Neutralization Humoral immunity Longitudinal immunity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844022029644 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jonathonmmonroe longitudinalantibodytiteravidityandneutralizingresponsesaftersarscov2infection AT ianahharalambieva longitudinalantibodytiteravidityandneutralizingresponsesaftersarscov2infection AT nathanieldwarner longitudinalantibodytiteravidityandneutralizingresponsesaftersarscov2infection AT dianeegrill longitudinalantibodytiteravidityandneutralizingresponsesaftersarscov2infection AT huyquangquach longitudinalantibodytiteravidityandneutralizingresponsesaftersarscov2infection AT richardbkennedy longitudinalantibodytiteravidityandneutralizingresponsesaftersarscov2infection |