Turbulence-driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in St Peter & St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil

The aim of this study was to investigate the planktonic and the holobiont Madracis decactis (Scleractinia) microbial diversity along a turbulence-driven upwelling event, in the world´s most isolated tropical island, St Peter and St Paul Archipelago (SPSPA, Brazil). Twenty one metagenomes were obtain...

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Main Authors: Ana Paula B. Moreira, Pedro Milet Meirelles, Eidy O. Santos, Gilberto M. Amado-Filho, Ronaldo Bastos Francini-Filho, Cristiane C. Thompson, Fabiano eThompson
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2015-10-01
Series:Frontiers in Microbiology
Subjects:
Online Access:http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01038/full
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author Ana Paula B. Moreira
Pedro Milet Meirelles
Eidy O. Santos
Gilberto M. Amado-Filho
Ronaldo Bastos Francini-Filho
Cristiane C. Thompson
Fabiano eThompson
author_facet Ana Paula B. Moreira
Pedro Milet Meirelles
Eidy O. Santos
Gilberto M. Amado-Filho
Ronaldo Bastos Francini-Filho
Cristiane C. Thompson
Fabiano eThompson
author_sort Ana Paula B. Moreira
collection DOAJ
description The aim of this study was to investigate the planktonic and the holobiont Madracis decactis (Scleractinia) microbial diversity along a turbulence-driven upwelling event, in the world´s most isolated tropical island, St Peter and St Paul Archipelago (SPSPA, Brazil). Twenty one metagenomes were obtained for seawater (N=12), healthy and bleached holobionts (N=9) before, during and after the episode of high seawater turbulence and upwelling. Microbial assemblages differed between low turbulence-low nutrient (LLR) and high-turbulence-high nutrient (HHR) regimes in seawater. During LLR there was a balance between autotrophy and heterotrophy in the bacterioplankton and the ratio cyanobacteria:heterotrophs ~1 (C:H). Prochlorales, unclassified Alphaproteobacteria and Euryarchaeota were the dominant bacteria and archaea, respectively. Basic metabolisms and cyanobacterial phages characterized the LLR. During HHR C:H << 0.05 and Gammaproteobacteria approximated 50% of the most abundant organisms in seawater. Alteromonadales, Oceanospirillales and Thaumarchaeota were the dominant bacteria and archaea. Prevailing metabolisms were related to membrane transport, virulence, disease and defense. Phages targeting heterotrophs and virulence factor genes characterized HHR. Shifts were also observed in coral microbiomes, according to both annotation–indepent and -dependent methods. HHR bleached corals metagenomes were the most dissimilar and could be distinguished by their di- and tetranucleotides frequencies, Iron Acquision metabolism and virulence genes, such as V. cholerae-related virulence factors. The healthy coral holobiont was shown to be less sensitive to transient seawater-related perturbations than the diseased animals. A conceptual model for the turbulence-induced shifts is put forward.
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spelling doaj.art-221651b031224c9b97a963f26ed629012022-12-21T20:07:58ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2015-10-01610.3389/fmicb.2015.01038154294Turbulence-driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in St Peter &amp; St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, BrazilAna Paula B. Moreira0Pedro Milet Meirelles1Eidy O. Santos2Gilberto M. Amado-Filho3Ronaldo Bastos Francini-Filho4Cristiane C. Thompson5Fabiano eThompson6Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Institute of BiologyFederal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Institute of BiologyState University of West Zone (UEZO)Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro (JBRJ)Federal University of Paraíba (UFPB)Federal University of rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Institute of BiologyThe aim of this study was to investigate the planktonic and the holobiont Madracis decactis (Scleractinia) microbial diversity along a turbulence-driven upwelling event, in the world´s most isolated tropical island, St Peter and St Paul Archipelago (SPSPA, Brazil). Twenty one metagenomes were obtained for seawater (N=12), healthy and bleached holobionts (N=9) before, during and after the episode of high seawater turbulence and upwelling. Microbial assemblages differed between low turbulence-low nutrient (LLR) and high-turbulence-high nutrient (HHR) regimes in seawater. During LLR there was a balance between autotrophy and heterotrophy in the bacterioplankton and the ratio cyanobacteria:heterotrophs ~1 (C:H). Prochlorales, unclassified Alphaproteobacteria and Euryarchaeota were the dominant bacteria and archaea, respectively. Basic metabolisms and cyanobacterial phages characterized the LLR. During HHR C:H << 0.05 and Gammaproteobacteria approximated 50% of the most abundant organisms in seawater. Alteromonadales, Oceanospirillales and Thaumarchaeota were the dominant bacteria and archaea. Prevailing metabolisms were related to membrane transport, virulence, disease and defense. Phages targeting heterotrophs and virulence factor genes characterized HHR. Shifts were also observed in coral microbiomes, according to both annotation–indepent and -dependent methods. HHR bleached corals metagenomes were the most dissimilar and could be distinguished by their di- and tetranucleotides frequencies, Iron Acquision metabolism and virulence genes, such as V. cholerae-related virulence factors. The healthy coral holobiont was shown to be less sensitive to transient seawater-related perturbations than the diseased animals. A conceptual model for the turbulence-induced shifts is put forward.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01038/fullAtlantic OceanMetagenomicsScleractiniaoceanic islandsMadracis decactis
spellingShingle Ana Paula B. Moreira
Pedro Milet Meirelles
Eidy O. Santos
Gilberto M. Amado-Filho
Ronaldo Bastos Francini-Filho
Cristiane C. Thompson
Fabiano eThompson
Turbulence-driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in St Peter &amp; St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil
Frontiers in Microbiology
Atlantic Ocean
Metagenomics
Scleractinia
oceanic islands
Madracis decactis
title Turbulence-driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in St Peter &amp; St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil
title_full Turbulence-driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in St Peter &amp; St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil
title_fullStr Turbulence-driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in St Peter &amp; St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil
title_full_unstemmed Turbulence-driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in St Peter &amp; St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil
title_short Turbulence-driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in St Peter &amp; St Paul Archipelago, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, Brazil
title_sort turbulence driven shifts in holobionts and planktonic microbial assemblages in st peter amp st paul archipelago mid atlantic ridge brazil
topic Atlantic Ocean
Metagenomics
Scleractinia
oceanic islands
Madracis decactis
url http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2015.01038/full
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