Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type Transformation from Fast-to-Slow-Twitch via Increasing the PPARGC1A Based Mitochondrial Function and CaN/NFAT Pathway in Finishing Pigs
Guanidinoacetic acid can improve pork quality. Previous studies have demonstrated that pork quality is closely linked to the muscle fiber type mediated by PPARGC1A. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of dietary GAA supplementation on the skeletal muscle fiber type transformation....
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/1/87 |
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| author | Jingzheng Li Jiaolong Li Lin Zhang Tong Xing Yun Jiang Feng Gao |
| author_facet | Jingzheng Li Jiaolong Li Lin Zhang Tong Xing Yun Jiang Feng Gao |
| author_sort | Jingzheng Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Guanidinoacetic acid can improve pork quality. Previous studies have demonstrated that pork quality is closely linked to the muscle fiber type mediated by PPARGC1A. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of dietary GAA supplementation on the skeletal muscle fiber type transformation. A total of 180 healthy Duroc × Landrace × Meishan cross castrated male pigs with a similar average weight (90 ± 1.5 kg) were randomly divided into three treatments with five replicates per treatment and 12 pigs per replicate, including a GAA-free basal diet and basal diet with 0.05% or 0.10% GAA for 15 days. Our results showed that 0.10% GAA supplementation increased the contents of Ca<sup>2+</sup> in sarcoplasm (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared with the control group, both GAA supplementation groups upregulated the expression of Troponin I-ss (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and 0.10% GAA supplementation downregulated the expression of Troponin T3 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). GAA supplementation increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ coactivator-1alpha (PPARGC1A) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and further upregulated the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), increased the level of membrane potential, and the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, III (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The 0.10% GAA supplementation upregulated the protein expression of calcineurin catalytic subunit α (CnAα) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall, dietary GAA supplementation promotes skeletal muscle fiber types transformation from fast-to-slow-twitch via increasing the PPARGC1A based mitochondrial function and the activation of CaN/NFAT pathway in finishing pigs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:16Z |
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| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:08:16Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-2233f175ac414411ae91ee8ab9de2b822023-11-23T12:36:00ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722022-01-011218710.3390/agriculture12010087Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type Transformation from Fast-to-Slow-Twitch via Increasing the PPARGC1A Based Mitochondrial Function and CaN/NFAT Pathway in Finishing PigsJingzheng Li0Jiaolong Li1Lin Zhang2Tong Xing3Yun Jiang4Feng Gao5College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaSchool of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, ChinaCollege of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Origin Food Production and Safety Guarantee of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Meat Production and Processing, Quality and Safety Control, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, ChinaGuanidinoacetic acid can improve pork quality. Previous studies have demonstrated that pork quality is closely linked to the muscle fiber type mediated by PPARGC1A. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the influence of dietary GAA supplementation on the skeletal muscle fiber type transformation. A total of 180 healthy Duroc × Landrace × Meishan cross castrated male pigs with a similar average weight (90 ± 1.5 kg) were randomly divided into three treatments with five replicates per treatment and 12 pigs per replicate, including a GAA-free basal diet and basal diet with 0.05% or 0.10% GAA for 15 days. Our results showed that 0.10% GAA supplementation increased the contents of Ca<sup>2+</sup> in sarcoplasm (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Compared with the control group, both GAA supplementation groups upregulated the expression of Troponin I-ss (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and 0.10% GAA supplementation downregulated the expression of Troponin T3 (<i>p</i> < 0.05). GAA supplementation increased the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ coactivator-1alpha (PPARGC1A) (<i>p</i> < 0.05), and further upregulated the mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), increased the level of membrane potential, and the activities of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, III (<i>p</i> < 0.05). The 0.10% GAA supplementation upregulated the protein expression of calcineurin catalytic subunit α (CnAα) and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1) (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Overall, dietary GAA supplementation promotes skeletal muscle fiber types transformation from fast-to-slow-twitch via increasing the PPARGC1A based mitochondrial function and the activation of CaN/NFAT pathway in finishing pigs.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/1/87guanidinoacetic acidmuscle fiber type transformationPPARGC1AmitochondriaCaN/NFATfinishing pig |
| spellingShingle | Jingzheng Li Jiaolong Li Lin Zhang Tong Xing Yun Jiang Feng Gao Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type Transformation from Fast-to-Slow-Twitch via Increasing the PPARGC1A Based Mitochondrial Function and CaN/NFAT Pathway in Finishing Pigs Agriculture guanidinoacetic acid muscle fiber type transformation PPARGC1A mitochondria CaN/NFAT finishing pig |
| title | Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type Transformation from Fast-to-Slow-Twitch via Increasing the PPARGC1A Based Mitochondrial Function and CaN/NFAT Pathway in Finishing Pigs |
| title_full | Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type Transformation from Fast-to-Slow-Twitch via Increasing the PPARGC1A Based Mitochondrial Function and CaN/NFAT Pathway in Finishing Pigs |
| title_fullStr | Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type Transformation from Fast-to-Slow-Twitch via Increasing the PPARGC1A Based Mitochondrial Function and CaN/NFAT Pathway in Finishing Pigs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type Transformation from Fast-to-Slow-Twitch via Increasing the PPARGC1A Based Mitochondrial Function and CaN/NFAT Pathway in Finishing Pigs |
| title_short | Guanidinoacetic Acid Supplementation Promotes Skeletal Muscle Fiber Type Transformation from Fast-to-Slow-Twitch via Increasing the PPARGC1A Based Mitochondrial Function and CaN/NFAT Pathway in Finishing Pigs |
| title_sort | guanidinoacetic acid supplementation promotes skeletal muscle fiber type transformation from fast to slow twitch via increasing the ppargc1a based mitochondrial function and can nfat pathway in finishing pigs |
| topic | guanidinoacetic acid muscle fiber type transformation PPARGC1A mitochondria CaN/NFAT finishing pig |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/1/87 |
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