| Summary: | The study of the genetic polymorphism rs231775 (+ 49A > G) and rs5742909 (+ 3 18С > Т) of the CTLA-4 gene in 100 children with chronic HBV infection revealed associations only with the carriage of the + 49A/ G polymorphic variant. Moreover, the carriage of the G allele in the homozygous mutant + 49GG position suggested the development of pronounced forms with a progressive course and a high probability of the outcome of the disease in cirrhosis.The established gender differences — the boys' high expression of the minor G-allele of the CTLA-4 gene, especially in the homozygous mutant variation + 49GG — proves the phenomenon of a high incidence of hepatotropic viral infection in boys.Therefore, the carriage of mutant variation + 49GG can be considered among the HOST factors for predicting adverse outcomes of chronic HBV infection in children.
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