Eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Pathogenic Role of Protease
Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammation of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa, and eosinophilic CRS (eCRS) is a subtype characterized by significant eosinophil infiltration and immune response by T-helper-2 cells. The pathogenesis of eCRS is heterogeneous and involves various environmental...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/24/17372 |
| Summary: | Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammation of the nasal and paranasal sinus mucosa, and eosinophilic CRS (eCRS) is a subtype characterized by significant eosinophil infiltration and immune response by T-helper-2 cells. The pathogenesis of eCRS is heterogeneous and involves various environmental and host factors. Proteases from external sources, such as mites, fungi, and bacteria, have been implicated in inducing type 2 inflammatory reactions. The balance between these proteases and endogenous protease inhibitors (EPIs) is considered important, and their imbalance can potentially lead to type 2 inflammatory reactions, such as eCRS. In this review, we discuss various mechanisms by which exogenous proteases influence eCRS and highlight the emerging role of endogenous protease inhibitors in eCRS pathogenesis. |
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| ISSN: | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |