Selective Adsorption of Aqueous Diclofenac Sodium, Naproxen Sodium, and Ibuprofen Using a Stable Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC Metal–Organic Framework
The FeBTC metal–organic framework (MOF) incorporated with magnetite is proposed as a novel material to solve water contamination with last generation pollutants. The material was synthesized by in situ solvothermal methods, and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were a...
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| author | Aldo Arturo Castañeda Ramírez Elizabeth Rojas García Ricardo López Medina José L. Contreras Larios Raúl Suárez Parra Ana Marisela Maubert Franco |
| author_facet | Aldo Arturo Castañeda Ramírez Elizabeth Rojas García Ricardo López Medina José L. Contreras Larios Raúl Suárez Parra Ana Marisela Maubert Franco |
| author_sort | Aldo Arturo Castañeda Ramírez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The FeBTC metal–organic framework (MOF) incorporated with magnetite is proposed as a novel material to solve water contamination with last generation pollutants. The material was synthesized by in situ solvothermal methods, and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were added during FeBTC MOF synthesis and used in drug adsorption. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy characterized the materials, with N<sub>2</sub>-physisorption at 77 K. Pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich models were used to describe the adsorption process. The thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption of three drugs was a feasible, spontaneous exothermic process. The incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles in the FeBTC increased the adsorption capacity of pristine FeBTC. The Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC material showed a maximum adsorption capacity for diclofenac sodium (DCF), then by ibuprofen (IB), and to a lesser extent by naproxen sodium (NS). Additionally, hybridization of the FeBTC with magnetite nanoparticles reinforced the most vulnerable part of the MOF, increasing the stability of its thermal and aqueous media. The electrostatic interaction, H-bonding, and interactions in the open-metal sites played vital roles in the drug adsorption. The sites’ competition in the multicomponent mixture’s adsorption showed selective adsorption (DCF) and (NS). This work shows how superficial modification with a low-surface-area MOF can achieve significant adsorption results in water pollutants. |
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| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:51:50Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-226807497eb34243a6f61c5070ff2f012023-11-21T17:38:35ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-04-01149229310.3390/ma14092293Selective Adsorption of Aqueous Diclofenac Sodium, Naproxen Sodium, and Ibuprofen Using a Stable Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC Metal–Organic FrameworkAldo Arturo Castañeda Ramírez0Elizabeth Rojas García1Ricardo López Medina2José L. Contreras Larios3Raúl Suárez Parra4Ana Marisela Maubert Franco5Materials Chemistry, Basic Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Azcapotzalco, Mexico City 02200, MexicoProcess Engineering and Hydraulics, Basic Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, MexicoEnergy, Basic Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Azcapotzalco, Mexico City 02200, MexicoEnergy, Basic Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Azcapotzalco, Mexico City 02200, MexicoInstitute of Renewable Energies, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Morelos 62580, MexicoMaterials Chemistry, Basic Sciences, Metropolitan Autonomous University-Azcapotzalco, Mexico City 02200, MexicoThe FeBTC metal–organic framework (MOF) incorporated with magnetite is proposed as a novel material to solve water contamination with last generation pollutants. The material was synthesized by in situ solvothermal methods, and Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles were added during FeBTC MOF synthesis and used in drug adsorption. X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy characterized the materials, with N<sub>2</sub>-physisorption at 77 K. Pseudo-second-order kinetic and Freundlich models were used to describe the adsorption process. The thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption of three drugs was a feasible, spontaneous exothermic process. The incorporation of magnetite nanoparticles in the FeBTC increased the adsorption capacity of pristine FeBTC. The Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC material showed a maximum adsorption capacity for diclofenac sodium (DCF), then by ibuprofen (IB), and to a lesser extent by naproxen sodium (NS). Additionally, hybridization of the FeBTC with magnetite nanoparticles reinforced the most vulnerable part of the MOF, increasing the stability of its thermal and aqueous media. The electrostatic interaction, H-bonding, and interactions in the open-metal sites played vital roles in the drug adsorption. The sites’ competition in the multicomponent mixture’s adsorption showed selective adsorption (DCF) and (NS). This work shows how superficial modification with a low-surface-area MOF can achieve significant adsorption results in water pollutants.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/9/2293metal–organic frameworks (MOF)nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)FeBTCmagnetite |
| spellingShingle | Aldo Arturo Castañeda Ramírez Elizabeth Rojas García Ricardo López Medina José L. Contreras Larios Raúl Suárez Parra Ana Marisela Maubert Franco Selective Adsorption of Aqueous Diclofenac Sodium, Naproxen Sodium, and Ibuprofen Using a Stable Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC Metal–Organic Framework Materials metal–organic frameworks (MOF) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) FeBTC magnetite |
| title | Selective Adsorption of Aqueous Diclofenac Sodium, Naproxen Sodium, and Ibuprofen Using a Stable Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC Metal–Organic Framework |
| title_full | Selective Adsorption of Aqueous Diclofenac Sodium, Naproxen Sodium, and Ibuprofen Using a Stable Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC Metal–Organic Framework |
| title_fullStr | Selective Adsorption of Aqueous Diclofenac Sodium, Naproxen Sodium, and Ibuprofen Using a Stable Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC Metal–Organic Framework |
| title_full_unstemmed | Selective Adsorption of Aqueous Diclofenac Sodium, Naproxen Sodium, and Ibuprofen Using a Stable Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC Metal–Organic Framework |
| title_short | Selective Adsorption of Aqueous Diclofenac Sodium, Naproxen Sodium, and Ibuprofen Using a Stable Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>–FeBTC Metal–Organic Framework |
| title_sort | selective adsorption of aqueous diclofenac sodium naproxen sodium and ibuprofen using a stable fe sub 3 sub o sub 4 sub febtc metal organic framework |
| topic | metal–organic frameworks (MOF) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) FeBTC magnetite |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/9/2293 |
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